Version 5.4
Homo sapiens Gene: IL15
Summary
InnateDB Gene IDBG-39028.6
Last Modified 2014-10-13 [Report errors or provide feedback]
Gene Symbol IL15
Gene Name interleukin 15
Synonyms IL-15
Species Homo sapiens
Ensembl Gene ENSG00000164136
Encoded Proteins
IDBP-39030
interleukin 15
IDBP-39032
interleukin 15
IDBP-242152
interleukin 15
IDBP-484722
interleukin 15
IDBP-583363
interleukin 15
IDBP-583318
interleukin 15
Protein Structure
Useful resources Stemformatics EHFPI ImmGen
InnateDB Annotation
Summary
PMID 20026737
IL15 is a pluripotent anti-apoptotic cytokine that signals to cells of both the innate and adaptive immune system and is regarded as a highly promising immunomodulatory agent in cancer therapy. IL15 prevents two immunopathologic hallmarks of sepsis, namely, apoptosis and immunosuppression, and improves survival in two different models of sepsis.
PMID 22084435
IL15 regulates homeostasis and terminal maturation of NKT cells. (Demonstrated in mice)
PMID 22940097
IL15 secreted by inflammatory monocytes is critical for the differentiation of memory CD8(+) T and NK lymphocytes into antimicrobial effector cells. (Demonstrated in mice)
InnateDB Annotation from Orthologs
Summary
PMID 22084435
[Mus musculus] Il15 regulates homeostasis and terminal maturation of NKT cells.
PMID 22940097
[Mus musculus] IL15 secreted by inflammatory monocytes is critical for the differentiation of memory CD8(+) T and NK lymphocytes into antimicrobial effector cells.
PMID 25466888
[Mus musculus] Cxcr3 expression in innate CD8+ T cells defines protective antibacterial and cancer immunity upon Il15 stimulation.
Entrez Gene
Summary The protein encoded by this gene is a cytokine that regulates T and natural killer cell activation and proliferation. This cytokine and interleukine 2 share many biological activities. They are found to bind common hematopoietin receptor subunits, and may compete for the same receptor, and thus negatively regulate each other's activity. The number of CD8+ memory cells is shown to be controlled by a balance between this cytokine and IL2. This cytokine induces the activation of JAK kinases, as well as the phosphorylation and activation of transcription activators STAT3, STAT5, and STAT6. Studies of the mouse counterpart suggested that this cytokine may increase the expression of apoptosis inhibitor BCL2L1/BCL-x(L), possibly through the transcription activation activity of STAT6, and thus prevent apoptosis. Alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene have been reported. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2011]
The protein encoded by this gene is a cytokine that regulates T and natural killer cell activation and proliferation. This cytokine and interleukine 2 share many biological activities. They are found to bind common hematopoietin receptor subunits, and may compete for the same receptor, and thus negatively regulate each other\'s activity. The number of CD8+ memory cells is shown to be controlled by a balance between this cytokine and IL2. This cytokine induces the activation of JAK kinases, as well as the phosphorylation and activation of transcription activators STAT3, STAT5, and STAT6. Studies of the mouse counterpart suggested that this cytokine may increase the expression of apoptosis inhibitor BCL2L1/BCL-x(L), possibly through the transcription activation activity of STAT6, and thus prevent apoptosis. Alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene have been reported. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2011]
Gene Information
Type Protein coding
Genomic Location Chromosome 4:141636599-141733987
Strand Forward strand
Band q31.21
Transcripts
ENST00000296545 ENSP00000296545
ENST00000320650 ENSP00000323505
ENST00000394159 ENSP00000377714
ENST00000514653 ENSP00000422271
ENST00000477265 ENSP00000436914
ENST00000505351
ENST00000509249
ENST00000529613 ENSP00000435462
Interactions
Number of Interactions This gene and/or its encoded proteins are associated with 13 experimentally validated interaction(s) in this database.
They are also associated with 4 interaction(s) predicted by orthology.
Experimentally validated
Total 13 [view]
Protein-Protein 10 [view]
Protein-DNA 3 [view]
Protein-RNA 0
DNA-DNA 0
RNA-RNA 0
DNA-RNA 0
Predicted by orthology
Total 4 [view]
Gene Ontology

Molecular Function
Accession GO Term
GO:0005125 cytokine activity
GO:0005126 cytokine receptor binding
GO:0005515 protein binding
Biological Process
GO:0001779 natural killer cell differentiation
GO:0001866 NK T cell proliferation
GO:0006954 inflammatory response
GO:0006955 immune response
GO:0007165 signal transduction
GO:0007267 cell-cell signaling
GO:0007568 aging
GO:0008284 positive regulation of cell proliferation
GO:0014732 skeletal muscle atrophy
GO:0030212 hyaluronan metabolic process
GO:0031667 response to nutrient levels
GO:0032740 positive regulation of interleukin-17 production
GO:0032819 positive regulation of natural killer cell proliferation
GO:0032825 positive regulation of natural killer cell differentiation
GO:0034105 positive regulation of tissue remodeling
GO:0042102 positive regulation of T cell proliferation
GO:0042517 positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat3 protein
GO:0045062 extrathymic T cell selection
GO:0045087 innate immune response (InnateDB)
GO:0045580 regulation of T cell differentiation
GO:0048469 cell maturation
GO:0048535 lymph node development
GO:0048662 negative regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation
GO:0050691 regulation of defense response to virus by host
GO:0050729 positive regulation of inflammatory response
GO:0050778 positive regulation of immune response
GO:0071305 cellular response to vitamin D
Cellular Component
GO:0005576 extracellular region
GO:0005615 extracellular space
GO:0005634 nucleus
GO:0005737 cytoplasm
GO:0005768 endosome
GO:0005794 Golgi apparatus
GO:0005887 integral component of plasma membrane
GO:0009986 cell surface
GO:0016020 membrane
Orthologs
Species
Mus musculus
Bos taurus
Gene ID
Gene Order
ENSMUSG00000031712
View Gene Order
ENSBTAG00000018200
Not yet available
Pathways
NETPATH
NetPath_14
IL2 pathway
REACTOME
KEGG
hsa04060
Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction pathway
hsa04630
Jak-STAT signaling pathway pathway
hsa04672
Intestinal immune network for IgA production pathway
INOH
INOH website
JAK STAT pathway and regulation pathway
INOH website
GPCR signaling pathway
PID NCI
Cross-References
SwissProt
TrEMBL
UniProt Splice Variant
Entrez Gene
UniGene Hs.168132 Hs.602618 Hs.713818 Hs.735901
RefSeq NM_000585 NM_172175
HUGO
OMIM
CCDS CCDS3755 CCDS3756
HPRD 02776
IMGT
EMBL
GenPept
RNA Seq Atlas

If you use InnateDB for your research, please cite the following publication:

Breuer et al., InnateDB: systems biology of innate immunity and beyond - recent updates and continuing curation. Nucl. Acids Res. (2013) 41 (D1) 

InnateDB is being developed jointly by the Brinkman Laboratory (Simon Fraser University, British Columbia, Canada), the Hancock Laboratory (University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia) and the Lynn EMBL Australia Group (South Australian Health & Medical Research Institute and Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia).

Funding is currently provided by Allergen and EMBL Australia. Previous funding has been provided by Genome Canada, the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health through the Grand Challenges in Global Health initiative and by Teagasc. InnateDB curated interactions are licensed under the Design Science License. All other data is licensed under the terms of the originating database. Contact: innatedb-mail@sfu.ca