Version 5.4
Homo sapiens Gene: XDH
Summary
InnateDB Gene IDBG-42778.5
Last Modified 2014-10-13 [Report errors or provide feedback]
Gene Symbol XDH
Gene Name xanthine dehydrogenase
Synonyms XO; XOR
Species Homo sapiens
Ensembl Gene ENSG00000158125
Encoded Proteins
IDBP-42780
xanthine dehydrogenase
Protein Structure
Useful resources Stemformatics EHFPI ImmGen
InnateDB Annotation
Summary
PMID 20632067
XDH (xanthine oxidase) is involved in TLR7/8-mediated activation of CASP1 and IL1B in an HIF1A-dependent manner.
Entrez Gene
Summary Xanthine dehydrogenase belongs to the group of molybdenum-containing hydroxylases involved in the oxidative metabolism of purines. The enzyme is a homodimer. Xanthine dehydrogenase can be converted to xanthine oxidase by reversible sulfhydryl oxidation or by irreversible proteolytic modification. Defects in xanthine dehydrogenase cause xanthinuria, may contribute to adult respiratory stress syndrome, and may potentiate influenza infection through an oxygen metabolite-dependent mechanism. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Xanthine dehydrogenase belongs to the group of molybdenum-containing hydroxylases involved in the oxidative metabolism of purines. The encoded protein has been identified as a moonlighting protein based on its ability to perform mechanistically distinct functions. Xanthine dehydrogenase can be converted to xanthine oxidase by reversible sulfhydryl oxidation or by irreversible proteolytic modification. Defects in xanthine dehydrogenase cause xanthinuria, may contribute to adult respiratory stress syndrome, and may potentiate influenza infection through an oxygen metabolite-dependent mechanism. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2014]
Gene Information
Type Protein coding
Genomic Location Chromosome 2:31334321-31414715
Strand Reverse strand
Band p23.1
Transcripts
ENST00000379416 ENSP00000368727
ENST00000491727
ENST00000476043
Interactions
Number of Interactions This gene and/or its encoded proteins are associated with 7 experimentally validated interaction(s) in this database.
They are also associated with 1 interaction(s) predicted by orthology.
Experimentally validated
Total 7 [view]
Protein-Protein 4 [view]
Protein-DNA 2 [view]
Protein-RNA 0
DNA-DNA 1 [view]
RNA-RNA 0
DNA-RNA 0
Predicted by orthology
Total 1 [view]
Gene Ontology

Molecular Function
Accession GO Term
GO:0003824 catalytic activity
GO:0004854 xanthine dehydrogenase activity
GO:0004855 xanthine oxidase activity
GO:0005506 iron ion binding
GO:0005515 protein binding
GO:0008762 UDP-N-acetylmuramate dehydrogenase activity
GO:0009055 electron carrier activity
GO:0016491 oxidoreductase activity
GO:0016614 oxidoreductase activity, acting on CH-OH group of donors
GO:0042803 protein homodimerization activity
GO:0043546 molybdopterin cofactor binding
GO:0046872 metal ion binding
GO:0050660 flavin adenine dinucleotide binding
GO:0051536 iron-sulfur cluster binding
GO:0051537 2 iron, 2 sulfur cluster binding
Biological Process
GO:0001933 negative regulation of protein phosphorylation
GO:0001937 negative regulation of endothelial cell proliferation
GO:0006144 purine nucleobase metabolic process
GO:0006195 purine nucleotide catabolic process
GO:0006919 activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process
GO:0007595 lactation
GO:0009115 xanthine catabolic process
GO:0010629 negative regulation of gene expression
GO:0030856 regulation of epithelial cell differentiation
GO:0044281 small molecule metabolic process
GO:0045087 innate immune response (InnateDB)
GO:0045602 negative regulation of endothelial cell differentiation
GO:0051898 negative regulation of protein kinase B signaling
GO:0055086 nucleobase-containing small molecule metabolic process
GO:0055114 oxidation-reduction process
GO:1900745 positive regulation of p38MAPK cascade
GO:1900747 negative regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathway
GO:2000379 positive regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process
GO:2001213 negative regulation of vasculogenesis
Cellular Component
GO:0005615 extracellular space
GO:0005777 peroxisome
GO:0005829 cytosol
Orthologs
Species
Mus musculus
Bos taurus
Gene ID
Gene Order
ENSMUSG00000024066
View Gene Order
ENSBTAG00000012519
Not yet available
Pathways
NETPATH
REACTOME
REACT_2086
Purine catabolism pathway
REACT_1698
Metabolism of nucleotides pathway
REACT_522
Purine metabolism pathway
REACT_111217
Metabolism pathway
KEGG
hsa00230
Purine metabolism pathway
hsa00232
Caffeine metabolism pathway
hsa00983
Drug metabolism pathway
hsa04146
Peroxisome pathway
INOH
INOH website
Purine nucleotides nucleosides metabolism pathway
PID NCI
Cross-References
SwissProt
TrEMBL
UniProt Splice Variant
Entrez Gene
UniGene Hs.250
RefSeq NM_000379
HUGO
OMIM
CCDS CCDS1775
HPRD 06363
IMGT
EMBL
GenPept
RNA Seq Atlas

If you use InnateDB for your research, please cite the following publication:

Breuer et al., InnateDB: systems biology of innate immunity and beyond - recent updates and continuing curation. Nucl. Acids Res. (2013) 41 (D1) 

InnateDB is being developed jointly by the Brinkman Laboratory (Simon Fraser University, British Columbia, Canada), the Hancock Laboratory (University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia) and the Lynn EMBL Australia Group (South Australian Health & Medical Research Institute and Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia).

Funding is currently provided by Allergen and EMBL Australia. Previous funding has been provided by Genome Canada, the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health through the Grand Challenges in Global Health initiative and by Teagasc. InnateDB curated interactions are licensed under the Design Science License. All other data is licensed under the terms of the originating database. Contact: innatedb-mail@sfu.ca