InnateDB: Systems Biology of the Innate Immune Response

Mus musculus Protein: Dppa3

Summary

InnateDB Protein

IDBP-185669.6

Last Modified

2014-10-13 [Report errors or provide feedback]

Gene Symbol

Dppa3

Protein Name

developmental pluripotency-associated 3

Synonyms

2410075G02Rik; PCG7; PGC7; Stella;

Species

Mus musculus

Ensembl Protein

ENSMUSP00000062832

InnateDB Gene

IDBG-185667 (Dppa3)

Protein Structure

UniProt Annotation

Function

Primordial germ cell (PGCs)-specific protein involved in epigenetic chromatin reprogramming in the zygote following fertilization. In zygotes, DNA demethylation occurs selectively in the paternal pronucleus before the first cell division, while the adjacent maternal pronucleus and certain paternally-imprinted loci are protected from this process. Participates in protection of DNA methylation in the maternal pronucleus by preventing conversion of 5mC to 5hmC: specifically recognizes and binds histone H3 dimethylated at 'Lys-9' (H3K9me2) on maternal genome, and protects maternal genome from TET3-mediated conversion to 5hmC and subsequent DNA demethylation. Does not bind paternal chromatin, which is mainly packed into protamine and does not contain much H3K9me2 mark. Also protects imprinted loci that are marked with H3K9me2 in mature sperm from DNA demethylation in early embryogenesis. May be important for the totipotent/pluripotent states continuing through preimplantation development. Also involved in chromatin condensation in oocytogenesis. {ECO:0000269PubMed:12124616, ECO:0000269PubMed:12620990, ECO:0000269PubMed:14654002, ECO:0000269PubMed:17143267, ECO:0000269PubMed:21407207, ECO:0000269PubMed:22034526, ECO:0000269PubMed:22722204}.

Subcellular Localization

Nucleus. Cytoplasm. Note=Localized in the cytoplasm at the primary oocyte stage and in oocytes within mono- laminar follicles. Expressed in the nucleus and cytoplasm of oocytes in bi-laminar and Graafian follicles and during the 2-cell and morula stages. In E3.5 blastocysts localization is mainly nuclear. Mainly localizes in the female pronucleus, localization to the male pronucleus in much weaker.

Disease Associations

Tissue Specificity

Expressed in the immature oocytes and in newborn ovaries. Subsequently detected in maturing oocytes and in preimplantation embryos. Expressed in pluripotent embryonic but not in differentiated somatic cells. Expressed in blastocysts, epiblasts, primordial germ cells, embryonic gonads and primitive spermatogonia. No expression is detected in adult testes. {ECO:0000269PubMed:11900980, ECO:0000269PubMed:12124616, ECO:0000269PubMed:12620990}.

Comments

Interactions

Number of Interactions

This gene and/or its encoded proteins are associated with 2 experimentally validated interaction(s) in this database.

Experimentally validated
Total	2 [view]
Protein-Protein	0
Protein-DNA	2 [view]
Protein-RNA	0
DNA-DNA	0
RNA-RNA	0
DNA-RNA	0

Gene Ontology

Molecular Function

Accession	GO Term
GO:0005515	protein binding
GO:0035064	methylated histone binding

Biological Process

GO:0016568	chromatin modification
GO:0040016	embryonic cleavage
GO:0044726	protection of DNA demethylation of female pronucleus
GO:1901536	negative regulation of DNA demethylation
GO:2000653	regulation of genetic imprinting