Version 5.4
Homo sapiens Protein: INS
Summary
InnateDB Protein IDBP-21418.6
Last Modified 2014-10-13 [Report errors or provide feedback]
Gene Symbol INS
Protein Name insulin
Synonyms IDDM1; IDDM2; ILPR; IRDN; MODY10;
Species Homo sapiens
Ensembl Protein ENSP00000250971
InnateDB Gene IDBG-547491 (INS)
Protein Structure
UniProt Annotation
Function Insulin decreases blood glucose concentration. It increases cell permeability to monosaccharides, amino acids and fatty acids. It accelerates glycolysis, the pentose phosphate cycle, and glycogen synthesis in liver.
Subcellular Localization Secreted.
Disease Associations Hyperproinsulinemia, familial (FHPRI) [MIM:176730]: An autosomal dominant condition characterized by elevated levels of serum proinsulin-like material. {ECO:0000269PubMed:1601997, ECO:0000269PubMed:2196279, ECO:0000269PubMed:3470784, ECO:0000269PubMed:4019786}. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.Diabetes mellitus, insulin-dependent, 2 (IDDM2) [MIM:125852]: A multifactorial disorder of glucose homeostasis that is characterized by susceptibility to ketoacidosis in the absence of insulin therapy. Clinical features are polydipsia, polyphagia and polyuria which result from hyperglycemia-induced osmotic diuresis and secondary thirst. These derangements result in long-term complications that affect the eyes, kidneys, nerves, and blood vessels. {ECO:0000269PubMed:18192540}. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.Diabetes mellitus, permanent neonatal (PNDM) [MIM:606176]: A rare form of diabetes distinct from childhood- onset autoimmune diabetes mellitus type 1. It is characterized by insulin-requiring hyperglycemia that is diagnosed within the first months of life. Permanent neonatal diabetes requires lifelong therapy. {ECO:0000269PubMed:17855560, ECO:0000269PubMed:18162506}. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.Maturity-onset diabetes of the young 10 (MODY10) [MIM:613370]: A form of diabetes that is characterized by an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance, onset in childhood or early adulthood (usually before 25 years of age), a primary defect in insulin secretion and frequent insulin-independence at the beginning of the disease. {ECO:0000269PubMed:18162506, ECO:0000269PubMed:18192540, ECO:0000269PubMed:20226046}. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Tissue Specificity
Comments
Interactions
Number of Interactions This gene and/or its encoded proteins are associated with 17 experimentally validated interaction(s) in this database.
Experimentally validated
Total 18 [view]
Protein-Protein 18 [view]
Protein-DNA 0
Protein-RNA 0
DNA-DNA 0
RNA-RNA 0
DNA-RNA 0
Gene Ontology

Molecular Function
Accession GO Term
GO:0002020 protease binding
GO:0005158 insulin receptor binding
GO:0005159 insulin-like growth factor receptor binding
GO:0005179 hormone activity
GO:0005515 protein binding
GO:0042802 identical protein binding
Biological Process
GO:0000165 MAPK cascade
GO:0002674 negative regulation of acute inflammatory response
GO:0006006 glucose metabolic process
GO:0006112 energy reserve metabolic process
GO:0006355 regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
GO:0006521 regulation of cellular amino acid metabolic process
GO:0006953 acute-phase response
GO:0007186 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway
GO:0007267 cell-cell signaling
GO:0008284 positive regulation of cell proliferation
GO:0008286 insulin receptor signaling pathway
GO:0014068 positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling
GO:0015758 glucose transport
GO:0022898 regulation of transmembrane transporter activity
GO:0030307 positive regulation of cell growth
GO:0030335 positive regulation of cell migration
GO:0031018 endocrine pancreas development
GO:0031954 positive regulation of protein autophosphorylation
GO:0032148 activation of protein kinase B activity
GO:0032270 positive regulation of cellular protein metabolic process
GO:0032460 negative regulation of protein oligomerization
GO:0032880 regulation of protein localization
GO:0033861 negative regulation of NAD(P)H oxidase activity
GO:0042060 wound healing
GO:0042177 negative regulation of protein catabolic process
GO:0042593 glucose homeostasis
GO:0043410 positive regulation of MAPK cascade
GO:0044267 cellular protein metabolic process
GO:0044281 small molecule metabolic process
GO:0045429 positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process
GO:0045597 positive regulation of cell differentiation
GO:0045721 negative regulation of gluconeogenesis
GO:0045725 positive regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process
GO:0045740 positive regulation of DNA replication
GO:0045818 negative regulation of glycogen catabolic process
GO:0045821 positive regulation of glycolytic process
GO:0045840 positive regulation of mitosis
GO:0045861 negative regulation of proteolysis
GO:0045908 negative regulation of vasodilation
GO:0045909 positive regulation of vasodilation
GO:0045922 negative regulation of fatty acid metabolic process
GO:0046326 positive regulation of glucose import
GO:0046628 positive regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway
GO:0046631 alpha-beta T cell activation
GO:0046889 positive regulation of lipid biosynthetic process
GO:0050708 regulation of protein secretion
GO:0050709 negative regulation of protein secretion
GO:0050715 positive regulation of cytokine secretion
GO:0050731 positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation
GO:0050796 regulation of insulin secretion
GO:0050995 negative regulation of lipid catabolic process
GO:0051000 positive regulation of nitric-oxide synthase activity
GO:0051092 positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity
GO:0051897 positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling
GO:0055089 fatty acid homeostasis
GO:0060266 negative regulation of respiratory burst involved in inflammatory response
GO:0060267 positive regulation of respiratory burst
GO:0090277 positive regulation of peptide hormone secretion
GO:0090336 positive regulation of brown fat cell differentiation
GO:1902176 negative regulation of oxidative stress-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway
GO:2000252 negative regulation of feeding behavior
Cellular Component
GO:0005576 extracellular region
GO:0005615 extracellular space
GO:0005788 endoplasmic reticulum lumen
GO:0005796 Golgi lumen
GO:0031904 endosome lumen
GO:0034774 secretory granule lumen
Protein Structure and Domains
PDB ID
InterPro IPR004825 Insulin
IPR016179 Insulin-like
IPR022352 Insulin family
PFAM PF00049
PRINTS PR00277
PR00276
PIRSF
SMART SM00078
TIGRFAMs
Post-translational Modifications
Modification
Cross-References
SwissProt P01308
PhosphoSite PhosphoSite-P01308
TrEMBL I3WAC9
UniProt Splice Variant
Entrez Gene 3630
UniGene Hs.704133
RefSeq NP_001278826
HUGO HGNC:6081
OMIM 176730
CCDS CCDS7729
HPRD 01455
IMGT
EMBL AJ009655 AY138590 AY899304 BC005255 BT006808 CH471158 J00265 JF909299 JQ951950 L15440 M10039 V00565 X70508
GenPept AAA59172 AAA59173 AAA59179 AAH05255 AAN39451 AAP35454 AAW83741 AEG19452 AFK93533 CAA08766 CAA23828 CAA49913 EAX02488 EAX02489

If you use InnateDB for your research, please cite the following publication:

Breuer et al., InnateDB: systems biology of innate immunity and beyond - recent updates and continuing curation. Nucl. Acids Res. (2013) 41 (D1) 

InnateDB is being developed jointly by the Brinkman Laboratory (Simon Fraser University, British Columbia, Canada), the Hancock Laboratory (University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia) and the Lynn EMBL Australia Group (South Australian Health & Medical Research Institute and Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia).

Funding is currently provided by Allergen and EMBL Australia. Previous funding has been provided by Genome Canada, the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health through the Grand Challenges in Global Health initiative and by Teagasc. InnateDB curated interactions are licensed under the Design Science License. All other data is licensed under the terms of the originating database. Contact: innatedb-mail@sfu.ca