InnateDB: Systems Biology of the Innate Immune Response

Homo sapiens Protein: EXOSC4

Summary

InnateDB Protein

IDBP-39910.5

Last Modified

2014-10-13 [Report errors or provide feedback]

Gene Symbol

EXOSC4

Protein Name

exosome component 4

Synonyms

Species

Homo sapiens

Ensembl Protein

ENSP00000315476

InnateDB Gene

IDBG-39908 (EXOSC4)

Protein Structure

UniProt Annotation

Function

Non-catalytic component of the RNA exosome complex which has 3'->5' exoribonuclease activity and participates in a multitude of cellular RNA processing and degradation events. In the nucleus, the RNA exosome complex is involved in proper maturation of stable RNA species such as rRNA, snRNA and snoRNA, in the elimination of RNA processing by-products and non-coding 'pervasive' transcripts, such as antisense RNA species and promoter-upstream transcripts (PROMPTs), and of mRNAs with processing defects, thereby limiting or excluding their export to the cytoplasm. The RNA exosome may be involved in Ig class switch recombination (CSR) and/or Ig variable region somatic hypermutation (SHM) by targeting AICDA deamination activity to transcribed dsDNA substrates. In the cytoplasm, the RNA exosome complex is involved in general mRNA turnover and specifically degrades inherently unstable mRNAs containing AU-rich elements (AREs) within their 3' untranslated regions, and in RNA surveillance pathways, preventing translation of aberrant mRNAs. It seems to be involved in degradation of histone mRNA. The catalytic inactive RNA exosome core complex of 9 subunits (Exo-9) is proposed to play a pivotal role in the binding and presentation of RNA for ribonucleolysis, and to serve as a scaffold for the association with catalytic subunits and accessory proteins or complexes. EXOSC4 binds to ARE-containing RNAs. {ECO:0000269PubMed:16912217, ECO:0000269PubMed:17545563, ECO:0000269PubMed:18172165, ECO:0000269PubMed:20368444, ECO:0000269PubMed:21255825}.

Subcellular Localization

Cytoplasm {ECO:0000269PubMed:17545563}. Nucleus, nucleolus {ECO:0000269PubMed:17545563}. Nucleus {ECO:0000269PubMed:17545563}.

Disease Associations

Tissue Specificity

Comments

Interactions

Number of Interactions

This gene and/or its encoded proteins are associated with 61 experimentally validated interaction(s) in this database.
They are also associated with 1 interaction(s) predicted by orthology.

Experimentally validated
Total	61 [view]
Protein-Protein	61 [view]
Protein-DNA	0
Protein-RNA	0
DNA-DNA	0
RNA-RNA	0
DNA-RNA	0

Predicted by orthology
Total	1 [view]

Gene Ontology

Molecular Function

Accession	GO Term
GO:0000175	3'-5'-exoribonuclease activity
GO:0005515	protein binding
GO:0017091	AU-rich element binding

Biological Process

GO:0000288	nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, deadenylation-dependent decay
GO:0000460	maturation of 5.8S rRNA
GO:0000956	nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process
GO:0006364	rRNA processing
GO:0010467	gene expression
GO:0016070	RNA metabolic process
GO:0016071	mRNA metabolic process
GO:0030307	positive regulation of cell growth
GO:0043928	exonucleolytic nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process involved in deadenylation-dependent decay
GO:0045006	DNA deamination
GO:0051607	defense response to virus
GO:0071028	nuclear mRNA surveillance
GO:0071044	histone mRNA catabolic process
GO:0090503	RNA phosphodiester bond hydrolysis, exonucleolytic

Cellular Component

GO:0000178	exosome (RNase complex)
GO:0005634	nucleus
GO:0005730	nucleolus
GO:0005737	cytoplasm
GO:0005829	cytosol
GO:0035327	transcriptionally active chromatin

Protein Structure and Domains

PDB ID

InterPro

IPR001247 Exoribonuclease, phosphorolytic domain 1
IPR015847 Exoribonuclease, phosphorolytic domain 2
IPR020568 Ribosomal protein S5 domain 2-type fold

PFAM

PF01138
PF03725

PRINTS

PIRSF

SMART

TIGRFAMs

Post-translational Modifications

Modification

Cross-References

SwissProt

Q9NPD3

PhosphoSite