InnateDB: Systems Biology of the Innate Immune Response

Homo sapiens Protein: ZC3HAV1

Summary

InnateDB Protein

IDBP-477368.4

Last Modified

2014-10-13 [Report errors or provide feedback]

Gene Symbol

ZC3HAV1

Protein Name

zinc finger CCCH-type, antiviral 1

Synonyms

Species

Homo sapiens

Ensembl Protein

ENSP00000419855

InnateDB Gene

IDBG-43487 (ZC3HAV1)

Protein Structure

UniProt Annotation

Function

Antiviral protein which inhibits the replication of viruses by recruiting the cellular RNA degradation machineries to degrade the viral mRNAs. Binds to a ZAP-responsive element (ZRE) present in the target viral mRNA, recruits cellular poly(A)- specific ribonuclease PARN to remove the poly(A) tail, and the 3'- 5' exoribonuclease complex exosome to degrade the RNA body from the 3'-end. It also recruits the decapping complex DCP1-DCP2 through RNA helicase p72 (DDX17) to remove the cap structure of the viral mRNA to initiate its degradation from the 5'-end. Its target viruses belong to families which include retroviridae: human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), moloney and murine leukemia virus (MoMLV) and xenotropic MuLV-related virus (XMRV), filoviridae: ebola virus (EBOV) and marburg virus (MARV), togaviridae: sindbis virus (SINV) and Ross river virus (RRV). Specifically targets the multiply spliced but not unspliced or singly spliced HIV-1 mRNAs for degradation. Isoform 1 is a more potent viral inhibitor than isoform 2. Isoform 2 acts as a positive regulator of DDX58/RIG-I signaling resulting in activation of the downstream effector IRF3 leading to the expression of type I IFNs and IFN stimulated genes (ISGs). {ECO:0000269PubMed:18225958, ECO:0000269PubMed:21102435, ECO:0000269PubMed:21876179, ECO:0000269PubMed:22720057}.

Subcellular Localization

Isoform 1: Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Note=Localizes in the cytoplasm at steady state, but shuttles between nucleus and cytoplasm in a XPO1-dependent manner. {ECO:0000250}.Isoform 2: Cytoplasm.

Disease Associations

Tissue Specificity

Comments

Interactions

Number of Interactions

This gene and/or its encoded proteins are associated with 47 experimentally validated interaction(s) in this database.

Experimentally validated
Total	47 [view]
Protein-Protein	43 [view]
Protein-DNA	3 [view]
Protein-RNA	1 [view]
DNA-DNA	0
RNA-RNA	0
DNA-RNA	0

Gene Ontology

Molecular Function

Accession	GO Term
GO:0003950	NAD+ ADP-ribosyltransferase activity
GO:0005515	protein binding
GO:0044822	poly(A) RNA binding
GO:0046872	metal ion binding

Biological Process

GO:0008152	metabolic process
GO:0009615	response to virus
GO:0032727	positive regulation of interferon-alpha production
GO:0032728	positive regulation of interferon-beta production
GO:0043123	positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling
GO:0045071	negative regulation of viral genome replication
GO:0045087	innate immune response (InnateDB)
GO:0051607	defense response to virus
GO:0061014	positive regulation of mRNA catabolic process
GO:1900246	positive regulation of RIG-I signaling pathway