InnateDB: Systems Biology of the Innate Immune Response

Homo sapiens Protein: TXNRD1

Summary

InnateDB Protein

IDBP-586228.3

Last Modified

2014-10-13 [Report errors or provide feedback]

Gene Symbol

TXNRD1

Protein Name

thioredoxin reductase 1

Synonyms

GRIM-12; TR; TR1; TRXR1; TXNR;

Species

Homo sapiens

Ensembl Protein

ENSP00000435929

InnateDB Gene

IDBG-54357 (TXNRD1)

Protein Structure

UniProt Annotation

Function

Isoform 1 may possess glutaredoxin activity as well as thioredoxin reductase activity and induces actin and tubulin polymerization, leading to formation of cell membrane protrusions. Isoform 4 enhances the transcriptional activity of estrogen receptors alpha and beta while isoform 5 enhances the transcriptional activity of the beta receptor only. Isoform 5 also mediates cell death induced by a combination of interferon-beta and retinoic acid. {ECO:0000269PubMed:15199063, ECO:0000269PubMed:18042542, ECO:0000269PubMed:8577704, ECO:0000269PubMed:9774665}.

Subcellular Localization

Cytoplasm {ECO:0000250}.Isoform 4: Cytoplasm. Nucleus.Isoform 5: Cytoplasm.

Disease Associations

Tissue Specificity

Isoform 1 is expressed predominantly in Leydig cells (at protein level). Also expressed in ovary, spleen, heart, liver, kidney and pancreas and in a number of cancer cell lines. Isoform 4 is widely expressed with highest levels in kidney, testis, uterus, ovary, prostate, placenta and fetal liver. {ECO:0000269PubMed:18042542, ECO:0000269PubMed:8999974}.

Comments

Interactions

Number of Interactions

This gene and/or its encoded proteins are associated with 36 experimentally validated interaction(s) in this database.
They are also associated with 1 interaction(s) predicted by orthology.

Experimentally validated
Total	36 [view]
Protein-Protein	35 [view]
Protein-DNA	1 [view]
Protein-RNA	0
DNA-DNA	0
RNA-RNA	0
DNA-RNA	0

Predicted by orthology
Total	1 [view]

Gene Ontology

Molecular Function

Accession	GO Term
GO:0004791	thioredoxin-disulfide reductase activity
GO:0005515	protein binding
GO:0009055	electron carrier activity
GO:0015035	protein disulfide oxidoreductase activity
GO:0016491	oxidoreductase activity
GO:0016668	oxidoreductase activity, acting on a sulfur group of donors, NAD(P) as acceptor
GO:0050660	flavin adenine dinucleotide binding
GO:0050661	NADP binding

Biological Process

GO:0007165	signal transduction
GO:0015949	nucleobase-containing small molecule interconversion
GO:0044255	cellular lipid metabolic process
GO:0044281	small molecule metabolic process
GO:0045454	cell redox homeostasis
GO:0055086	nucleobase-containing small molecule metabolic process
GO:0055114	oxidation-reduction process

Cellular Component

GO:0005634	nucleus
GO:0005730	nucleolus
GO:0005829	cytosol

Protein Structure and Domains

PDB ID

InterPro

IPR000103 Pyridine nucleotide-disulphide oxidoreductase, class-II
IPR000815 Mercuric reductase
IPR001327 Pyridine nucleotide-disulphide oxidoreductase, NAD-binding domain
IPR003953 FAD binding domain
IPR004099 Pyridine nucleotide-disulphide oxidoreductase, dimerisation domain
IPR006338 Thioredoxin/glutathione reductase selenoprotein
IPR012336 Thioredoxin-like fold
IPR013027 FAD-dependent pyridine nucleotide-disulphide oxidoreductase
IPR016156 FAD/NAD-linked reductase, dimerisation domain
IPR023753 Pyridine nucleotide-disulphide oxidoreductase, FAD/NAD(P)-binding domain

PFAM