InnateDB: Systems Biology of the Innate Immune Response

Homo sapiens Protein: ECT2

Summary

InnateDB Protein

IDBP-586680.3

Last Modified

2014-10-13 [Report errors or provide feedback]

Gene Symbol

ECT2

Protein Name

epithelial cell transforming sequence 2 oncogene

Synonyms

ARHGEF31;

Species

Homo sapiens

Ensembl Protein

ENSP00000443160

InnateDB Gene

IDBG-65239 (ECT2)

Protein Structure

UniProt Annotation

Function

Guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) that catalyzes the exchange of GDP for GTP. Promotes guanine nucleotide exchange on the Rho family members of small GTPases, like RHOA, RHOC, RAC1 and CDC42. Required for signal transduction pathways involved in the regulation of cytokinesis. Component of the centralspindlin complex that serves as a microtubule-dependent and Rho-mediated signaling required for the myosin contractile ring formation during the cell cycle cytokinesis. Regulates the translocation of RHOA from the central spindle to the equatorial region. Plays a role in the control of mitotic spindle assembly; regulates the activation of CDC42 in metaphase for the process of spindle fibers attachment to kinetochores before chromosome congression. Involved in the regulation of epithelial cell polarity; participates in the formation of epithelial tight junctions in a polarity complex PARD3-PARD6-protein kinase PRKCQ-dependent manner. Plays a role in the regulation of neurite outgrowth. Inhibits phenobarbital (PB)- induced NR1I3 nuclear translocation. Stimulates the activity of RAC1 through its association with the oncogenic PARD6A-PRKCI complex in cancer cells, thereby acting to coordinately drive tumor cell proliferation and invasion. Also stimulates genotoxic stress-induced RHOB activity in breast cancer cells leading to their cell death. {ECO:0000269PubMed:10579713, ECO:0000269PubMed:14645260, ECO:0000269PubMed:15254234, ECO:0000269PubMed:15545273, ECO:0000269PubMed:15642749, ECO:0000269PubMed:16103226, ECO:0000269PubMed:16170345, ECO:0000269PubMed:16236794, ECO:0000269PubMed:16495035, ECO:0000269PubMed:19129481, ECO:0000269PubMed:19468300, ECO:0000269PubMed:19617897, ECO:0000269PubMed:21189248, ECO:0000269PubMed:21373644}.

Subcellular Localization

Nucleus. Cytoplasm. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, spindle. Cleavage furrow. Midbody. Cell junction. Cell junction, tight junction. Note=Sequestered within the nucleus during interphase. Dispersed throughout the cytoplasm upon breakdown of the nuclear envelope during mitosis. Colocalizes with the centralspindlin complex to the mitotic spindles during anaphase/metaphase, the cleavage furrow during telophase and at the midbody at the end of cytokinesis. Colocalized with RhoA at the midbody. Its subcellular localization to tight junction is increased by calcium. Localized predominantly in the cytoplasm of numerous carcinoma cells.

Disease Associations

Tissue Specificity

Expressed in lung epithelial cells (at protein level). Expressed in squamous cell carcinoma, primary non-small cell lung cancer tumors and lung adenocarcinoma. {ECO:0000269PubMed:19617897}.

Comments

Interactions

Number of Interactions

This gene and/or its encoded proteins are associated with 151 experimentally validated interaction(s) in this database.
They are also associated with 1 interaction(s) predicted by orthology.

Experimentally validated
Total	151 [view]
Protein-Protein	151 [view]
Protein-DNA	0
Protein-RNA	0
DNA-DNA	0
RNA-RNA	0
DNA-RNA	0

Predicted by orthology
Total	1 [view]

Gene Ontology

Molecular Function

Accession	GO Term
GO:0004871	signal transducer activity
GO:0005085	guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity
GO:0005089	Rho guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity
GO:0005096	GTPase activator activity
GO:0005515	protein binding
GO:0042803	protein homodimerization activity

Biological Process

GO:0000902	cell morphogenesis
GO:0000910	cytokinesis
GO:0007264	small GTPase mediated signal transduction
GO:0015031	protein transport
GO:0032147	activation of protein kinase activity
GO:0032321	positive regulation of Rho GTPase activity
GO:0032467	positive regulation of cytokinesis
GO:0032862	activation of Rho GTPase activity
GO:0032863	activation of Rac GTPase activity
GO:0035023	regulation of Rho protein signal transduction
GO:0042307	positive regulation of protein import into nucleus
GO:0043065	positive regulation of apoptotic process
GO:0043089	positive regulation of Cdc42 GTPase activity
GO:0043123	positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling
GO:0043547	positive regulation of GTPase activity
GO:0045666	positive regulation of neuron differentiation
GO:0045859	regulation of protein kinase activity
GO:0048011	neurotrophin TRK receptor signaling pathway
GO:0051056	regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction
GO:0051260	protein homooligomerization
GO:0051988	regulation of attachment of spindle microtubules to kinetochore
GO:0070301	cellular response to hydrogen peroxide
GO:0070830	tight junction assembly
GO:0071277	cellular response to calcium ion
GO:0071479	cellular response to ionizing radiation
GO:0097190	apoptotic signaling pathway

Cellular Component

GO:0005634	nucleus
GO:0005737	cytoplasm
GO:0005829	cytosol
GO:0005911	cell-cell junction
GO:0005923	tight junction
GO:0030496	midbody
GO:0032154	cleavage furrow
GO:0072686	mitotic spindle
GO:0097149	centralspindlin complex