InnateDB: Systems Biology of the Innate Immune Response

Homo sapiens Protein: CXADR

Summary

InnateDB Protein

IDBP-862.7

Last Modified

2014-10-13 [Report errors or provide feedback]

Gene Symbol

CXADR

Protein Name

coxsackie virus and adenovirus receptor

Synonyms

CAR; CAR4/6; HCAR;

Species

Homo sapiens

Ensembl Protein

ENSP00000348620

InnateDB Gene

IDBG-854 (CXADR)

Protein Structure

UniProt Annotation

Function

Component of the epithelial apical junction complex that may function as an homophilic cell adhesion molecule and is essential for tight junction integrity. Also involved in transepithelial migration of leukocytes through adhesive interactions with AMICA1/JAML a transmembrane protein of the plasma membrane of leukocytes. The interaction between both receptors also mediates the activation of gamma-delta T-cells, a subpopulation of T-cells residing in epithelia and involved in tissue homeostasis and repair. Upon epithelial CXADR-binding, AMICA1 induces downstream cell signaling events in gamma-delta T- cells through PI3-kinase and MAP kinases. It results in proliferation and production of cytokines and growth factors by T- cells that in turn stimulate epithelial tissues repair. {ECO:0000269PubMed:11734628, ECO:0000269PubMed:12297051, ECO:0000269PubMed:15800062, ECO:0000269PubMed:19064666, ECO:0000269PubMed:9096397}.

Subcellular Localization

Isoform 1: Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. Cell junction, tight junction. Cell junction, adherens junction. Basolateral cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. Note=In epithelial cells localizes to the apical junction complex composed of tight and adherens junctions. In airway epithelial cells localized to basolateral membrane but not to apical surface.Isoform 2: Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. Cell junction, tight junction. Cell junction, adherens junction. Basolateral cell membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. Note=In epithelial cells localizes to the apical junction complex composced of tight and adherens junctions. In airway epithelial cells localized to basolateral membrane but not to apical surface.Isoform 3: Secreted.Isoform 4: Secreted.Isoform 5: Secreted.

Disease Associations

Tissue Specificity

Expressed in pancreas, brain, heart, small intestine, testis, prostate and at a lower level in liver and lung. Isoform 5 is ubiquitously expressed. Isoform 3 is expressed in heart, lung and pancreas. In skeletal muscle, isoform 1 is found at the neuromuscular junction and isoform 2 is found in blood vessels. In cardiac muscle, isoform 1 and isoform 2 are found at intercalated disks. In heart expressed in subendothelial layers of the vessel wall but not in the luminal endothelial surface. Expression is elevated in hearts with dilated cardiomyopathy. {ECO:0000269PubMed:10490761, ECO:0000269PubMed:11457744, ECO:0000269PubMed:11549277, ECO:0000269PubMed:9096397}.

Comments

Interactions

Number of Interactions

This gene and/or its encoded proteins are associated with 12 experimentally validated interaction(s) in this database.
They are also associated with 3 interaction(s) predicted by orthology.

Experimentally validated
Total	12 [view]
Protein-Protein	12 [view]
Protein-DNA	0
Protein-RNA	0
DNA-DNA	0
RNA-RNA	0
DNA-RNA	0

Predicted by orthology
Total	3 [view]

Gene Ontology

Molecular Function

Accession	GO Term
GO:0001618	virus receptor activity
GO:0005102	receptor binding
GO:0005178	integrin binding
GO:0005515	protein binding
GO:0008013	beta-catenin binding
GO:0030165	PDZ domain binding
GO:0042802	identical protein binding
GO:0050839	cell adhesion molecule binding
GO:0071253	connexin binding

Biological Process

GO:0007005	mitochondrion organization
GO:0007157	heterophilic cell-cell adhesion
GO:0007507	heart development
GO:0007596	blood coagulation
GO:0008354	germ cell migration
GO:0009615	response to virus
GO:0010669	epithelial structure maintenance
GO:0016032	viral process
GO:0030593	neutrophil chemotaxis
GO:0031532	actin cytoskeleton reorganization
GO:0034109	homotypic cell-cell adhesion
GO:0045216	cell-cell junction organization
GO:0046629	gamma-delta T cell activation
GO:0048739	cardiac muscle fiber development
GO:0050776	regulation of immune response
GO:0050900	leukocyte migration
GO:0051607	defense response to virus
GO:0070633	transepithelial transport
GO:0086067	AV node cell to bundle of His cell communication

Cellular Component

GO:0001669	acrosomal vesicle
GO:0005576	extracellular region
GO:0005615	extracellular space
GO:0005634	nucleus
GO:0005886	plasma membrane
GO:0005887	integral component of plasma membrane
GO:0005911	cell-cell junction
GO:0005912	adherens junction
GO:0005923	tight junction
GO:0014704	intercalated disc
GO:0016323	basolateral plasma membrane
GO:0016327	apicolateral plasma membrane
GO:0030054	cell junction
GO:0030175	filopodium
GO:0030426	growth cone
GO:0031594	neuromuscular junction
GO:0043005	neuron projection
GO:0043234	protein complex
GO:0044297	cell body
GO:0045121	membrane raft