InnateDB: Systems Biology of the Innate Immune Response

Mus musculus Protein: Tert

Summary

InnateDB Protein

IDBP-165914.6

Last Modified

2014-10-13 [Report errors or provide feedback]

Gene Symbol

Tert

Protein Name

telomerase reverse transcriptase

Synonyms

EST2; TCS1; TP2; TR; TRT;

Species

Mus musculus

Ensembl Protein

ENSMUSP00000022104

InnateDB Gene

IDBG-165912 (Tert)

Protein Structure

UniProt Annotation

Function

Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein enzyme essential for the replication of chromosome termini in most eukaryotes. Active in progenitor and cancer cells. Inactive, or very low activity, in normal somatic cells. Catalytic component of the teleromerase holoenzyme complex whose main activity is the elongation of telomeres by acting as a reverse transcriptase that adds simple sequence repeats to chromosome ends by copying a template sequence within the RNA component of the enzyme. Catalyzes the RNA- dependent extension of 3'-chromosomal termini with the 6- nucleotide telomeric repeat unit, 5'-TTAGGG-3'. The catalytic cycle involves primer binding, primer extension and release of product once the template boundary has been reached or nascent product translocation followed by further extension. More active on substrates containing 2 or 3 telomeric repeats. Telomerase activity is regulated by a number of factors including telomerase complex-associated proteins, chaperones and polypeptide modifiers. Modulates Wnt signaling. Plays important roles in aging and antiapoptosis (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.

Subcellular Localization

Nucleus, nucleolus {ECO:0000250}. Nucleus, nucleoplasm {ECO:0000250}. Nucleus. Chromosome, telomere. Cytoplasm {ECO:0000250}. Nucleus, PML body {ECO:0000250}. Note=Shuttling between nuclear and cytoplasm depends on cell cycle, phosphorylation states, transformation and DNA damage. Diffuse localization in the nucleoplasm. Enriched in nucleoli of certain cell types. Translocated to the cytoplasm via nuclear pores in a CRM1/RAN-dependent manner involving oxidative stress- mediated phosphorylation at Tyr-697. Dephosphorylation at this site by SHP2 retains TERT in the nucleus. Translocated to the nucleus by phosphorylation by AKT (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.

Disease Associations

Tissue Specificity

High activity in intestine, liver and testis, moderate in lung, very low in muscle, heart and brain. {ECO:0000269PubMed:13679242, ECO:0000269PubMed:9582020, ECO:0000269PubMed:9724727}.

Comments

Interactions

Number of Interactions

This gene and/or its encoded proteins are associated with 7 experimentally validated interaction(s) in this database.
They are also associated with 37 interaction(s) predicted by orthology.

Experimentally validated
Total	7 [view]
Protein-Protein	4 [view]
Protein-DNA	3 [view]
Protein-RNA	0
DNA-DNA	0
RNA-RNA	0
DNA-RNA	0

Predicted by orthology
Total	37 [view]

Gene Ontology

Molecular Function

Accession	GO Term
GO:0003677	DNA binding
GO:0003720	telomerase activity
GO:0003721	telomeric template RNA reverse transcriptase activity
GO:0003723	RNA binding
GO:0003964	RNA-directed DNA polymerase activity
GO:0005515	protein binding
GO:0042803	protein homodimerization activity
GO:0046872	metal ion binding
GO:0070034	telomeric RNA binding

Biological Process

GO:0006278	RNA-dependent DNA replication
GO:0007004	telomere maintenance via telomerase
GO:0022616	DNA strand elongation
GO:0032203	telomere formation via telomerase
GO:0090399	replicative senescence
GO:2001240	negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand

Cellular Component

GO:0000781	chromosome, telomeric region
GO:0005634	nucleus
GO:0005654	nucleoplasm
GO:0005697	telomerase holoenzyme complex
GO:0005730	nucleolus
GO:0005737	cytoplasm
GO:0016605	PML body