Version 5.4
| Mus musculus Protein: Agrn | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Summary | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| InnateDB Protein | IDBP-208367.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Last Modified | 2014-10-13 [Report errors or provide feedback] | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gene Symbol | Agrn | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Protein Name | agrin | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Synonyms | Agrin; nmf380; | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Species | Mus musculus | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ensembl Protein | ENSMUSP00000071229 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| InnateDB Gene | IDBG-208363 (Agrn) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Protein Structure |
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| UniProt Annotation | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Function | Isoform 1: heparan sulfate basal lamina glycoprotein that plays a central role in the formation and the maintenance of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) and directs key events in postsynaptic differentiation. This neuron-specific (z+) isoform is a component of the AGRN-LRP4 receptor complex that induces the phosphorylation and activation of MUSK. The activation of MUSK in myotubes induces the formation of NMJ by regulating different processes including the transcription of specific genes and the clustering of AChR in the postsynaptic membrane. Calcium ions are required for maximal AChR clustering. AGRN function in neurons is highly regulated by alternative splicing, glycan binding and proteolytic processing. Modulates calcium ion homestasis in neurons, specifically by inducing an increase in cytoplasmic calcium ions. Functions differentially in the central nervous system (CNS) by inhibiting the alpha(3)-subtype of Na+/K+-ATPase and evoking depolarization at CNS synapses. This transmembrane agrin (TM-agrin) isoform, the predominate form in neurons of the brain, induces dendritic filopodia and synapse formation in mature hippocampal neurons in large part due to the attached glycosaminoglycan chains and the action of Rho-family GTPases.Isoform 2 and isoform 3: these isoforms lacking the 'z' insert (z0) are muscle-specific, have no AChR clustering ability and may be involved in nervous system endothelial cell differentiation.Agrin N-terminal 110 kDa subunit: involved in regulation of neurite outgrowth probably due to the presence of the glycosaminoglcan (GAG) side chains of heparan and chondroitin sulfate attached to the Ser/Thr- and Gly/Ser-rich regions. Also involved in modulation of growth factor signaling (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.Agrin C-terminal 22 kDa fragment: this released fragment is important for agrin signaling and to exert a maximal dendritic filopodia-inducing effect. All 'z' splice variants (z+) of this fragment also show an increase in the number of filopodia. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Subcellular Localization | Cell junction, synapse. Cell membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Disease Associations | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Tissue Specificity | Expressed in central nervous system (CNS) synapses such as in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. Localizes to basal lamina of hippocampal blood vessels. Both (z+) and (z-) isoforms found in kidney, heart and cerebral vasculature. {ECO:0000269PubMed:10402191, ECO:0000269PubMed:11018052, ECO:0000269PubMed:17611272, ECO:0000269PubMed:18230682}. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Comments | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interactions | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Number of Interactions |
This gene and/or its encoded proteins are associated with 6 experimentally validated interaction(s) in this database.
They are also associated with 7 interaction(s) predicted by orthology.
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| Gene Ontology | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Molecular Function |
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| Biological Process |
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| Cellular Component |
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| Protein Structure and Domains | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| PDB ID | MGI:87961 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| InterPro |
IPR000082
SEA domain IPR002049 EGF-like, laminin IPR002350 Kazal domain IPR003645 Follistatin-like, N-terminal IPR003884 Factor I / membrane attack complex |
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| PFAM |
PF01390
PF00053 PF00050 PF07648 |
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| PRINTS | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| PIRSF | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| SMART |
SM00200
SM00180 SM00280 SM00274 SM00057 |
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| TIGRFAMs | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Post-translational Modifications | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Modification | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cross-References | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| SwissProt | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| PhosphoSite | PhosphoSite-A2ASQ1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| TrEMBL | Z4YJS5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| UniProt Splice Variant | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Entrez Gene | 11603 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| UniGene | Mm.431676 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| RefSeq | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| MGI ID | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| MGI Symbol | Agrn | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| OMIM | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| CCDS | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| HPRD | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| IMGT | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| EMBL | AF294811 AL928667 CT998563 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| GenPept | AAG02119 | ||||||||||||||||||||||