InnateDB: Systems Biology of the Innate Immune Response

Homo sapiens Protein: TLR9

Summary

InnateDB Protein

IDBP-38312.6

Last Modified

2014-10-13 [Report errors or provide feedback]

Gene Symbol

TLR9

Protein Name

toll-like receptor 9

Synonyms

Species

Homo sapiens

Ensembl Protein

ENSP00000353874

InnateDB Gene

IDBG-407857 (TLR9)

Protein Structure

UniProt Annotation

Function

Key component of innate and adaptive immunity. TLRs (Toll-like receptors) control host immune response against pathogens through recognition of molecular patterns specific to microorganisms. TLR9 is a nucleotide-sensing TLR which is activated by unmethylated cytidine-phosphate-guanosine (CpG) dinucleotides. Acts via MYD88 and TRAF6, leading to NF-kappa-B activation, cytokine secretion and the inflammatory response. Controls lymphocyte response to Helicobacter infection. {ECO:0000269PubMed:11564765, ECO:0000269PubMed:17932028}.

Subcellular Localization

Endoplasmic reticulum membrane {ECO:0000250}; Single-pass type I membrane protein {ECO:0000250}. Endosome {ECO:0000250}. Lysosome {ECO:0000250}. Cytoplasmic vesicle, phagosome {ECO:0000250}. Note=Relocalizes from endoplasmic reticulum to endosome and lysosome upon stimulation with agonist. {ECO:0000250}.

Disease Associations

Tissue Specificity

Highly expressed in spleen, lymph node, tonsil and peripheral blood leukocytes, especially in plasmacytoid pre- dendritic cells. Levels are much lower in monocytes and CD11c+ immature dendritic cells. Also detected in lung and liver.

Comments

Interactions

Number of Interactions

This gene and/or its encoded proteins are associated with 45 experimentally validated interaction(s) in this database.

Experimentally validated
Total	45 [view]
Protein-Protein	38 [view]
Protein-DNA	7 [view]
Protein-RNA	0
DNA-DNA	0
RNA-RNA	0
DNA-RNA	0

Gene Ontology

Molecular Function

Accession	GO Term
GO:0004888	transmembrane signaling receptor activity
GO:0005149	interleukin-1 receptor binding
GO:0005515	protein binding
GO:0035197	siRNA binding

Biological Process

GO:0002224	toll-like receptor signaling pathway
GO:0002237	response to molecule of bacterial origin
GO:0002755	MyD88-dependent toll-like receptor signaling pathway
GO:0006954	inflammatory response
GO:0007165	signal transduction
GO:0007252	I-kappaB phosphorylation
GO:0008286	insulin receptor signaling pathway
GO:0030277	maintenance of gastrointestinal epithelium
GO:0032088	negative regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity
GO:0032715	negative regulation of interleukin-6 production
GO:0032717	negative regulation of interleukin-8 production
GO:0032722	positive regulation of chemokine production
GO:0032728	positive regulation of interferon-beta production
GO:0032733	positive regulation of interleukin-10 production
GO:0032735	positive regulation of interleukin-12 production
GO:0032741	positive regulation of interleukin-18 production
GO:0032755	positive regulation of interleukin-6 production
GO:0032757	positive regulation of interleukin-8 production
GO:0032760	positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production
GO:0034122	negative regulation of toll-like receptor signaling pathway
GO:0034123	positive regulation of toll-like receptor signaling pathway
GO:0034162	toll-like receptor 9 signaling pathway
GO:0042346	positive regulation of NF-kappaB import into nucleus
GO:0042742	defense response to bacterium
GO:0043123	positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling
GO:0043507	positive regulation of JUN kinase activity
GO:0045078	positive regulation of interferon-gamma biosynthetic process
GO:0045087	innate immune response (InnateDB)
GO:0045356	positive regulation of interferon-alpha biosynthetic process
GO:0045359	positive regulation of interferon-beta biosynthetic process
GO:0045944	positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
GO:0046330	positive regulation of JNK cascade
GO:0050707	regulation of cytokine secretion
GO:0050729	positive regulation of inflammatory response
GO:0050829	defense response to Gram-negative bacterium
GO:0051092	positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity
GO:0051770	positive regulation of nitric-oxide synthase biosynthetic process

Cellular Component

GO:0000139	Golgi membrane
GO:0005576	extracellular region
GO:0005737	cytoplasm
GO:0005764	lysosome
GO:0005768	endosome
GO:0005783	endoplasmic reticulum
GO:0005789	endoplasmic reticulum membrane
GO:0005886	plasma membrane
GO:0010008	endosome membrane
GO:0016021	integral component of membrane
GO:0016323	basolateral plasma membrane
GO:0016324	apical plasma membrane
GO:0032009	early phagosome
GO:0036020	endolysosome membrane