InnateDB: Systems Biology of the Innate Immune Response

Homo sapiens Protein: RELB

Summary

InnateDB Protein

IDBP-57023.5

Last Modified

2014-10-13 [Report errors or provide feedback]

Gene Symbol

RELB

Protein Name

v-rel reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog B

Synonyms

I-REL; IREL; REL-B;

Species

Homo sapiens

Ensembl Protein

ENSP00000221452

InnateDB Gene

IDBG-57021 (RELB)

Protein Structure

UniProt Annotation

Function

NF-kappa-B is a pleiotropic transcription factor which is present in almost all cell types and is involved in many biological processed such as inflammation, immunity, differentiation, cell growth, tumorigenesis and apoptosis. NF- kappa-B is a homo- or heterodimeric complex formed by the Rel-like domain-containing proteins RELA/p65, RELB, NFKB1/p105, NFKB1/p50, REL and NFKB2/p52. The dimers bind at kappa-B sites in the DNA of their target genes and the individual dimers have distinct preferences for different kappa-B sites that they can bind with distinguishable affinity and specificity. Different dimer combinations act as transcriptional activators or repressors, respectively. NF-kappa-B is controlled by various mechanisms of post-translational modification and subcellular compartmentalization as well as by interactions with other cofactors or corepressors. NF-kappa-B complexes are held in the cytoplasm in an inactive state complexed with members of the NF- kappa-B inhibitor (I-kappa-B) family. In a conventional activation pathway, I-kappa-B is phosphorylated by I-kappa-B kinases (IKKs) in response to different activators, subsequently degraded thus liberating the active NF-kappa-B complex which translocates to the nucleus. NF-kappa-B heterodimeric RelB-p50 and RelB-p52 complexes are transcriptional activators. RELB neither associates with DNA nor with RELA/p65 or REL. Stimulates promoter activity in the presence of NFKB2/p49. As a member of the NUPR1/RELB/IER3 survival pathway, may provide pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma with remarkable resistance to cell stress, such as starvation or gemcitabine treatment. Regulates the circadian clock by repressing the transcriptional activator activity of the CLOCK-ARNTL/BMAL1 heterodimer in a CRY1/CRY2 independent manner. Increased repression of the heterodimer is seen in the presence of NFKB2/p52. {ECO:0000269PubMed:1732739, ECO:0000269PubMed:22565310, ECO:0000269PubMed:7925301, ECO:0000269PubMed:8441398}.

Subcellular Localization

Nucleus {ECO:0000269PubMed:20873783}. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center, centrosome {ECO:0000269PubMed:20873783}. Note=Colocalizes with NEK6 in the centrosome.

Disease Associations

Tissue Specificity

Comments

Interactions

Number of Interactions

This gene and/or its encoded proteins are associated with 104 experimentally validated interaction(s) in this database.
They are also associated with 22 interaction(s) predicted by orthology.

Experimentally validated
Total	104 [view]
Protein-Protein	67 [view]
Protein-DNA	36 [view]
Protein-RNA	0
DNA-DNA	1 [view]
RNA-RNA	0
DNA-RNA	0

Predicted by orthology
Total	22 [view]

Gene Ontology

Molecular Function

Accession	GO Term
GO:0001047	core promoter binding
GO:0003677	DNA binding
GO:0003700	sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity
GO:0003714	transcription corepressor activity
GO:0005515	protein binding

Biological Process

GO:0006351	transcription, DNA-templated
GO:0006355	regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
GO:0010628	positive regulation of gene expression
GO:0019882	antigen processing and presentation
GO:0032922	circadian regulation of gene expression
GO:0038061	NIK/NF-kappaB signaling
GO:0042088	T-helper 1 type immune response
GO:0043011	myeloid dendritic cell differentiation
GO:0045063	T-helper 1 cell differentiation
GO:0045087	innate immune response (InnateDB)
GO:0071470	cellular response to osmotic stress

Cellular Component

GO:0005634	nucleus
GO:0005737	cytoplasm
GO:0005815	microtubule organizing center
GO:0005829	cytosol

Protein Structure and Domains

PDB ID

InterPro

IPR000451 NF-kappa-B/Rel/Dorsal
IPR002909 IPT domain
IPR008967 p53-like transcription factor, DNA-binding
IPR011539 Rel homology domain
IPR014756 Immunoglobulin E-set

PFAM

PF01833
PF00554

PRINTS

PR00057

PIRSF

SMART

SM00429

TIGRFAMs

Post-translational Modifications

Modification

Cross-References

SwissProt