InnateDB: Systems Biology of the Innate Immune Response

Homo sapiens Protein: ACE

Summary

InnateDB Protein

IDBP-63268.6

Last Modified

2014-10-13 [Report errors or provide feedback]

Gene Symbol

ACE

Protein Name

angiotensin I converting enzyme (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) 1

Synonyms

ACE1; CD143; DCP; DCP1; ICH; MVCD3;

Species

Homo sapiens

Ensembl Protein

ENSP00000290866

InnateDB Gene

IDBG-63266 (ACE)

Protein Structure

UniProt Annotation

Function

Converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II by release of the terminal His-Leu, this results in an increase of the vasoconstrictor activity of angiotensin. Also able to inactivate bradykinin, a potent vasodilator. Has also a glycosidase activity which releases GPI-anchored proteins from the membrane by cleaving the mannose linkage in the GPI moiety.

Subcellular Localization

Angiotensin-converting enzyme, soluble form: Secreted.Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. Cytoplasm {ECO:0000250}. Note=Detected in both cell membrane and cytoplasm in neurons. {ECO:0000250}.

Disease Associations

Ischemic stroke (ISCHSTR) [MIM:601367]: A stroke is an acute neurologic event leading to death of neural tissue of the brain and resulting in loss of motor, sensory and/or cognitive function. Ischemic strokes, resulting from vascular occlusion, is considered to be a highly complex disease consisting of a group of heterogeneous disorders with multiple genetic and environmental risk factors. {ECO:0000269PubMed:15534175}. Note=Disease susceptibility is associated with variations affecting the gene represented in this entry.Renal tubular dysgenesis (RTD) [MIM:267430]: Autosomal recessive severe disorder of renal tubular development characterized by persistent fetal anuria and perinatal death, probably due to pulmonary hypoplasia from early-onset oligohydramnios (the Potter phenotype). {ECO:0000269PubMed:16116425}. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.Microvascular complications of diabetes 3 (MVCD3) [MIM:612624]: Pathological conditions that develop in numerous tissues and organs as a consequence of diabetes mellitus. They include diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy leading to end- stage renal disease, and diabetic neuropathy. Diabetic retinopathy remains the major cause of new-onset blindness among diabetic adults. It is characterized by vascular permeability and increased tissue ischemia and angiogenesis. Note=Disease susceptibility is associated with variations affecting the gene represented in this entry.Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) [MIM:614519]: A pathological condition characterized by bleeding into one or both cerebral hemispheres including the basal ganglia and the cerebral cortex. It is often associated with hypertension and craniocerebral trauma. Intracerebral bleeding is a common cause of stroke. {ECO:0000269PubMed:15277638}. Note=Disease susceptibility is associated with variations affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Tissue Specificity

Ubiquitously expressed, with highest levels in lung, kidney, heart, gastrointestinal system and prostate. Isoform Testis-specific is expressed in spermatocytes and adult testis. {ECO:0000269PubMed:10924499, ECO:0000269PubMed:10969042, ECO:0000269PubMed:12459472, ECO:0000269PubMed:15671045}.

Comments

Interactions

Number of Interactions

This gene and/or its encoded proteins are associated with 20 experimentally validated interaction(s) in this database.

Experimentally validated
Total	20 [view]
Protein-Protein	19 [view]
Protein-DNA	1 [view]
Protein-RNA	0
DNA-DNA	0
RNA-RNA	0
DNA-RNA	0

Gene Ontology

Molecular Function

Accession	GO Term
GO:0003779	actin binding
GO:0004175	endopeptidase activity
GO:0004180	carboxypeptidase activity
GO:0005515	protein binding
GO:0008144	drug binding
GO:0008237	metallopeptidase activity
GO:0008241	peptidyl-dipeptidase activity
GO:0008270	zinc ion binding
GO:0031404	chloride ion binding
GO:0031711	bradykinin receptor binding

Biological Process

GO:0001822	kidney development
GO:0001974	blood vessel remodeling
GO:0002003	angiotensin maturation
GO:0002005	angiotensin catabolic process in blood
GO:0002019	regulation of renal output by angiotensin
GO:0003081	regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by renin-angiotensin
GO:0006508	proteolysis
GO:0008217	regulation of blood pressure
GO:0014910	regulation of smooth muscle cell migration
GO:0019229	regulation of vasoconstriction
GO:0032943	mononuclear cell proliferation
GO:0042312	regulation of vasodilation
GO:0042447	hormone catabolic process
GO:0043171	peptide catabolic process
GO:0044267	cellular protein metabolic process
GO:0050482	arachidonic acid secretion
GO:0060218	hematopoietic stem cell differentiation

Cellular Component

GO:0005576	extracellular region
GO:0005615	extracellular space
GO:0005768	endosome
GO:0005886	plasma membrane
GO:0009897	external side of plasma membrane
GO:0016020	membrane
GO:0016021	integral component of membrane
GO:0070062	extracellular vesicular exosome