InnateDB: Systems Biology of the Innate Immune Response

Homo sapiens Protein: APOA1

Summary

InnateDB Protein

IDBP-72652.6

Last Modified

2014-10-13 [Report errors or provide feedback]

Gene Symbol

APOA1

Protein Name

apolipoprotein A-I

Synonyms

Species

Homo sapiens

Ensembl Protein

ENSP00000364469

InnateDB Gene

IDBG-72644 (APOA1)

Protein Structure

UniProt Annotation

Function

Participates in the reverse transport of cholesterol from tissues to the liver for excretion by promoting cholesterol efflux from tissues and by acting as a cofactor for the lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT). As part of the SPAP complex, activates spermatozoa motility. {ECO:0000269PubMed:1909888}.

Subcellular Localization

Secreted.

Disease Associations

High density lipoprotein deficiency 2 (HDLD2) [MIM:604091]: Inherited as autosomal dominant trait. It is characterized by moderately low HDL cholesterol, predilection toward premature coronary artery disease (CAD) and a reduction in cellular cholesterol efflux. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.High density lipoprotein deficiency 1 (HDLD1) [MIM:205400]: Recessive disorder characterized by absence of high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol from plasma, accumulation of cholesteryl esters, premature coronary artery disease (CAD), hepatosplenomegaly, recurrent peripheral neuropathy and progressive muscle wasting and weakness. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.Note=APOA1 mutations may be involved in the pathogenesis of amyloid polyneuropathy-nephropathy Iowa type, also known as amyloidosis van Allen type or familial amyloid polyneuropathy type III (PubMed:3142462 and PubMed:2123470). The clinical picture is dominated by neuropathy in the early stages of the disease and nephropathy late in the course. Death is due in most cases to renal amyloidosis.Amyloidosis 8 (AMYL8) [MIM:105200]: A hereditary generalized amyloidosis due to deposition of apolipoprotein A1, fibrinogen and lysozyme amyloids. Viscera are particularly affected. There is no involvement of the nervous system. Clinical features include renal amyloidosis resulting in nephrotic syndrome, arterial hypertension, hepatosplenomegaly, cholestasis, petechial skin rash. {ECO:0000269PubMed:1502149, ECO:0000269PubMed:2123470, ECO:0000269PubMed:3142462, ECO:0000269PubMed:8208902}. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Tissue Specificity

Major protein of plasma HDL, also found in chylomicrons. Synthesized in the liver and small intestine. The oxidized form at Met-110 and Met-136 is increased in individuals with increased risk for coronary artery disease, such as in carrier of the eNOSa/b genotype and exposure to cigarette smoking. It is also present in increased levels in aortic lesions relative to native ApoA-I and increased levels are seen with increasing severity of disease. {ECO:0000269PubMed:12576517}.

Comments

Interactions

Number of Interactions

This gene and/or its encoded proteins are associated with 89 experimentally validated interaction(s) in this database.
They are also associated with 4 interaction(s) predicted by orthology.

Experimentally validated
Total	89 [view]
Protein-Protein	86 [view]
Protein-DNA	3 [view]
Protein-RNA	0
DNA-DNA	0
RNA-RNA	0
DNA-RNA	0

Predicted by orthology
Total	4 [view]

Gene Ontology

Molecular Function

Accession	GO Term
GO:0001540	beta-amyloid binding
GO:0005515	protein binding
GO:0005543	phospholipid binding
GO:0008289	lipid binding
GO:0015485	cholesterol binding
GO:0017127	cholesterol transporter activity
GO:0019899	enzyme binding
GO:0034190	apolipoprotein receptor binding
GO:0034191	apolipoprotein A-I receptor binding
GO:0042802	identical protein binding
GO:0060228	phosphatidylcholine-sterol O-acyltransferase activator activity
GO:0070653	high-density lipoprotein particle receptor binding

Biological Process

GO:0001523	retinoid metabolic process
GO:0002576	platelet degranulation
GO:0002740	negative regulation of cytokine secretion involved in immune response
GO:0006656	phosphatidylcholine biosynthetic process
GO:0006869	lipid transport
GO:0007186	G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway
GO:0007596	blood coagulation
GO:0007603	phototransduction, visible light
GO:0008203	cholesterol metabolic process
GO:0010804	negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway
GO:0010873	positive regulation of cholesterol esterification
GO:0010903	negative regulation of very-low-density lipoprotein particle remodeling
GO:0018158	protein oxidation
GO:0018206	peptidyl-methionine modification
GO:0030168	platelet activation
GO:0030301	cholesterol transport
GO:0032489	regulation of Cdc42 protein signal transduction
GO:0033344	cholesterol efflux
GO:0033700	phospholipid efflux
GO:0034115	negative regulation of heterotypic cell-cell adhesion
GO:0034375	high-density lipoprotein particle remodeling
GO:0034380	high-density lipoprotein particle assembly
GO:0034384	high-density lipoprotein particle clearance
GO:0042157	lipoprotein metabolic process
GO:0042632	cholesterol homeostasis
GO:0043691	reverse cholesterol transport
GO:0044255	cellular lipid metabolic process
GO:0044281	small molecule metabolic process
GO:0045087	innate immune response (InnateDB)
GO:0050713	negative regulation of interleukin-1 beta secretion
GO:0050728	negative regulation of inflammatory response
GO:0050821	protein stabilization
GO:0051345	positive regulation of hydrolase activity
GO:0055085	transmembrane transport
GO:0055091	phospholipid homeostasis
GO:0060354	negative regulation of cell adhesion molecule production
GO:0060761	negative regulation of response to cytokine stimulus
GO:0070328	triglyceride homeostasis
GO:0070508	cholesterol import

Cellular Component

GO:0005576	extracellular region
GO:0005615	extracellular space
GO:0005769	early endosome
GO:0005788	endoplasmic reticulum lumen
GO:0005829	cytosol
GO:0005886	plasma membrane
GO:0030139	endocytic vesicle
GO:0031410	cytoplasmic vesicle
GO:0034361	very-low-density lipoprotein particle
GO:0034364	high-density lipoprotein particle
GO:0034366	spherical high-density lipoprotein particle
GO:0034774	secretory granule lumen
GO:0070062	extracellular vesicular exosome
GO:0071682	endocytic vesicle lumen
GO:0072562	blood microparticle