InnateDB: Systems Biology of the Innate Immune Response

Homo sapiens Protein: GPNMB

Summary

InnateDB Protein

IDBP-9631.7

Last Modified

2014-10-13 [Report errors or provide feedback]

Gene Symbol

GPNMB

Protein Name

glycoprotein (transmembrane) nmb

Synonyms

HGFIN; NMB;

Species

Homo sapiens

Ensembl Protein

ENSP00000258733

InnateDB Gene

IDBG-9627 (GPNMB)

Protein Structure

UniProt Annotation

Function

Could be a melanogenic enzyme. {ECO:0000250}.

Subcellular Localization

Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. Melanosome. Note=Identified by mass spectrometry in melanosome fractions from stage I to stage IV. Detected at the cell surface in different types of cancers cells, including glioblastoma multiforme cells and most melanoma cell lines.

Disease Associations

Note=Glioblastoma multiforme patients that exhibit increased mRNA and protein levels (>3-fold over normal brain) in biopsy samples have a significantly higher risk of death (PubMed:16609006). In the context of cancer immunotherapy, including that of melanoma, has been proposed to be used as a cell surface protein antigen targeted by antibodies coupled to cytotoxic drugs (PubMed:16489096). {ECO:0000269PubMed:16489096, ECO:0000269PubMed:16609006}.

Tissue Specificity

Up-regulated in various cancer cells, including in glioblastoma multiforme. Expressed in many melanoma cells, as well as in tissue macrophages, including liver Kuppfer cells and lung alveolar macrophages, in podocytes and in some cells of the ciliary body of the eye (at protein level). Hardly detectable in healthy brain. {ECO:0000269PubMed:16489096, ECO:0000269PubMed:16609006, ECO:0000269PubMed:7814155}.

Comments

Interactions

Number of Interactions

This gene and/or its encoded proteins are associated with 4 experimentally validated interaction(s) in this database.
They are also associated with 1 interaction(s) predicted by orthology.