InnateDB: Systems Biology of the Innate Immune Response

Homo sapiens Gene: APOE

Summary

InnateDB Gene

IDBG-56807.6

Last Modified

2014-10-13 [Report errors or provide feedback]

Gene Symbol

APOE

Gene Name

apolipoprotein E

Synonyms

AD2; LDLCQ5; LPG

Species

Homo sapiens

Ensembl Gene

ENSG00000130203

Encoded Proteins

IDBP-56809

apolipoprotein E

IDBP-381716

apolipoprotein E

IDBP-381718

apolipoprotein E

IDBP-381720

apolipoprotein E

Protein Structure

Useful resources

Stemformatics EHFPI ImmGen

Entrez Gene

Summary

Chylomicron remnants and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) remnants are rapidly removed from the circulation by receptor-mediated endocytosis in the liver. Apolipoprotein E, a main apoprotein of the chylomicron, binds to a specific receptor on liver cells and peripheral cells. ApoE is essential for the normal catabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoprotein constituents. The APOE gene is mapped to chromosome 19 in a cluster with APOC1 and APOC2. Defects in apolipoprotein E result in familial dysbetalipoproteinemia, or type III hyperlipoproteinemia (HLP III), in which increased plasma cholesterol and triglycerides are the consequence of impaired clearance of chylomicron and VLDL remnants. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Chylomicron remnants and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) remnants are rapidly removed from the circulation by receptor-mediated endocytosis in the liver. Apolipoprotein E, a main apoprotein of the chylomicron, binds to a specific receptor on liver cells and peripheral cells. ApoE is essential for the normal catabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoprotein constituents. The APOE gene is mapped to chromosome 19 in a cluster with APOC1 and APOC2. Defects in apolipoprotein E result in familial dysbetalipoproteinemia, or type III hyperlipoproteinemia (HLP III), in which increased plasma cholesterol and triglycerides are the consequence of impaired clearance of chylomicron and VLDL remnants. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Gene Information

Type

Protein coding

Genomic Location

Chromosome 19:44905754-44909393

Strand

Forward strand

Band

q13.32

Transcripts

ENST00000252486	ENSP00000252486
ENST00000446996	ENSP00000413135
ENST00000434152	ENSP00000413653
ENST00000425718	ENSP00000410423
ENST00000485628

Interactions

Number of Interactions

This gene and/or its encoded proteins are associated with 66 experimentally validated interaction(s) in this database.
They are also associated with 3 interaction(s) predicted by orthology.

Experimentally validated
Total	66 [view]
Protein-Protein	66 [view]
Protein-DNA	0
Protein-RNA	0
DNA-DNA	0
RNA-RNA	0
DNA-RNA	0

Predicted by orthology
Total	3 [view]

Gene Ontology

Molecular Function

Accession	GO Term
GO:0001540	beta-amyloid binding
GO:0005102	receptor binding
GO:0005319	lipid transporter activity
GO:0005515	protein binding
GO:0005543	phospholipid binding
GO:0008201	heparin binding
GO:0008289	lipid binding
GO:0016209	antioxidant activity
GO:0017127	cholesterol transporter activity
GO:0042802	identical protein binding
GO:0042803	protein homodimerization activity
GO:0046848	hydroxyapatite binding
GO:0046911	metal chelating activity
GO:0048156	tau protein binding
GO:0050750	low-density lipoprotein particle receptor binding
GO:0060228	phosphatidylcholine-sterol O-acyltransferase activator activity
GO:0070326	very-low-density lipoprotein particle receptor binding
GO:0071813	lipoprotein particle binding

Biological Process

GO:0000302	response to reactive oxygen species
GO:0001523	retinoid metabolic process
GO:0001937	negative regulation of endothelial cell proliferation
GO:0002021	response to dietary excess
GO:0006629	lipid metabolic process
GO:0006641	triglyceride metabolic process
GO:0006707	cholesterol catabolic process
GO:0006869	lipid transport
GO:0006874	cellular calcium ion homeostasis
GO:0006898	receptor-mediated endocytosis
GO:0006979	response to oxidative stress
GO:0007010	cytoskeleton organization
GO:0007186	G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway
GO:0007263	nitric oxide mediated signal transduction
GO:0007271	synaptic transmission, cholinergic
GO:0007568	aging
GO:0007603	phototransduction, visible light
GO:0008203	cholesterol metabolic process
GO:0008219	cell death
GO:0010468	regulation of gene expression
GO:0010544	negative regulation of platelet activation
GO:0010873	positive regulation of cholesterol esterification
GO:0010875	positive regulation of cholesterol efflux
GO:0014012	peripheral nervous system axon regeneration
GO:0015909	long-chain fatty acid transport
GO:0017038	protein import
GO:0019934	cGMP-mediated signaling
GO:0030195	negative regulation of blood coagulation
GO:0030516	regulation of axon extension
GO:0030828	positive regulation of cGMP biosynthetic process
GO:0032489	regulation of Cdc42 protein signal transduction
GO:0032526	response to retinoic acid
GO:0032805	positive regulation of low-density lipoprotein particle receptor catabolic process
GO:0032868	response to insulin
GO:0033344	cholesterol efflux
GO:0033700	phospholipid efflux
GO:0034372	very-low-density lipoprotein particle remodeling
GO:0034374	low-density lipoprotein particle remodeling
GO:0034375	high-density lipoprotein particle remodeling
GO:0034380	high-density lipoprotein particle assembly
GO:0034382	chylomicron remnant clearance
GO:0034384	high-density lipoprotein particle clearance
GO:0034447	very-low-density lipoprotein particle clearance
GO:0042157	lipoprotein metabolic process
GO:0042158	lipoprotein biosynthetic process
GO:0042159	lipoprotein catabolic process
GO:0042311	vasodilation
GO:0042632	cholesterol homeostasis
GO:0043407	negative regulation of MAP kinase activity
GO:0043524	negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process
GO:0043537	negative regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration
GO:0043691	reverse cholesterol transport
GO:0044281	small molecule metabolic process
GO:0045471	response to ethanol
GO:0045541	negative regulation of cholesterol biosynthetic process
GO:0045773	positive regulation of axon extension
GO:0046889	positive regulation of lipid biosynthetic process
GO:0046907	intracellular transport
GO:0048168	regulation of neuronal synaptic plasticity
GO:0048709	oligodendrocyte differentiation
GO:0048844	artery morphogenesis
GO:0050728	negative regulation of inflammatory response
GO:0051000	positive regulation of nitric-oxide synthase activity
GO:0051044	positive regulation of membrane protein ectodomain proteolysis
GO:0051055	negative regulation of lipid biosynthetic process
GO:0051651	maintenance of location in cell
GO:0055088	lipid homeostasis
GO:0055089	fatty acid homeostasis
GO:0060999	positive regulation of dendritic spine development
GO:0061000	negative regulation of dendritic spine development
GO:0071347	cellular response to interleukin-1
GO:0071363	cellular response to growth factor stimulus
GO:0071397	cellular response to cholesterol
GO:0072358	cardiovascular system development
GO:0090370	negative regulation of cholesterol efflux
GO:0097113	alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate selective glutamate receptor clustering
GO:0097114	N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor clustering
GO:1900221	regulation of beta-amyloid clearance
GO:1901214	regulation of neuron death
GO:1901215	negative regulation of neuron death
GO:1901216	positive regulation of neuron death
GO:1901627	negative regulation of postsynaptic membrane organization
GO:1901628	positive regulation of postsynaptic membrane organization
GO:1901630	negative regulation of presynaptic membrane organization
GO:1901631	positive regulation of presynaptic membrane organization
GO:1902004	positive regulation of beta-amyloid formation
GO:1902430	negative regulation of beta-amyloid formation
GO:1902947	regulation of tau-protein kinase activity
GO:1902951	negative regulation of dendritic spine maintenance
GO:1902952	positive regulation of dendritic spine maintenance
GO:1902995	positive regulation of phospholipid efflux
GO:1902998	positive regulation of neurofibrillary tangle assembly
GO:1902999	negative regulation of phospholipid efflux
GO:1903001	negative regulation of lipid transport across blood brain barrier
GO:1903002	positive regulation of lipid transport across blood brain barrier

Cellular Component

GO:0005576	extracellular region
GO:0005615	extracellular space
GO:0005634	nucleus
GO:0005635	nuclear envelope
GO:0005737	cytoplasm
GO:0005764	lysosome
GO:0005768	endosome
GO:0005769	early endosome
GO:0005770	late endosome
GO:0005783	endoplasmic reticulum
GO:0005794	Golgi apparatus
GO:0005874	microtubule
GO:0005886	plasma membrane
GO:0009986	cell surface
GO:0016020	membrane
GO:0030425	dendrite
GO:0031232	extrinsic component of external side of plasma membrane
GO:0034361	very-low-density lipoprotein particle
GO:0034362	low-density lipoprotein particle
GO:0034363	intermediate-density lipoprotein particle
GO:0034364	high-density lipoprotein particle
GO:0034365	discoidal high-density lipoprotein particle
GO:0042627	chylomicron
GO:0043025	neuronal cell body
GO:0070062	extracellular vesicular exosome
GO:0071682	endocytic vesicle lumen
GO:0072562	blood microparticle