InnateDB: Systems Biology of the Innate Immune Response

Mus musculus Protein: Grem1

Summary

InnateDB Protein

IDBP-197202.6

Last Modified

2014-10-13 [Report errors or provide feedback]

Gene Symbol

Grem1

Protein Name

gremlin 1

Synonyms

Cktsf1b1; Drm; Grem; ld;

Species

Mus musculus

Ensembl Protein

ENSMUSP00000097170

InnateDB Gene

IDBG-197200 (Grem1)

Protein Structure

UniProt Annotation

Function

Cytokine that may play an important role during carcinogenesis and metanephric kidney organogenesis, as BMP a antagonist required for early limb outgrowth and patterning in maintaining the FGF4-SHH feedback loop. Down-regulates the BMP4 signaling in a dose-dependent manner. Acts as inhibitor of monocyte chemotaxis. {ECO:0000269PubMed:12808456, ECO:0000269PubMed:15133038, ECO:0000269PubMed:15201225}.

Subcellular Localization

Secreted {ECO:0000305}.

Disease Associations

Tissue Specificity

Highly expressed in spleen and to a lesser extent in lung, skeletal muscle and kidney. Expressed only in non- transformed cells or primary fibroblasts in culture but not in established transformed or tumor derived cell lines. Broadly expressed in limb bud mesenchyme but restricted to the distal limb bud mesenchyme and concentrated posteriorly. Expressed in ovary especially in granulosa cells of follicles of type 4. {ECO:0000269PubMed:10965135, ECO:0000269PubMed:12808456, ECO:0000269PubMed:15133038}.

Comments

Interactions

Number of Interactions

This gene and/or its encoded proteins are associated with 0 experimentally validated interaction(s) in this database.
They are also associated with 1 interaction(s) predicted by orthology.

Predicted by orthology
Total	1 [view]

Gene Ontology

Molecular Function

Accession	GO Term
GO:0005125	cytokine activity
GO:0005515	protein binding
GO:0030297	transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activator activity
GO:0043184	vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 binding
GO:0043395	heparan sulfate proteoglycan binding
GO:0048018	receptor agonist activity

Biological Process

GO:0000902	cell morphogenesis
GO:0001525	angiogenesis
GO:0001658	branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis
GO:0002042	cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis
GO:0002092	positive regulation of receptor internalization
GO:0002689	negative regulation of leukocyte chemotaxis
GO:0003257	positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter involved in myocardial precursor cell differentiation
GO:0003337	mesenchymal to epithelial transition involved in metanephros morphogenesis
GO:0006915	apoptotic process
GO:0007165	signal transduction
GO:0007171	activation of transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity
GO:0007267	cell-cell signaling
GO:0008284	positive regulation of cell proliferation
GO:0009887	organ morphogenesis
GO:0009954	proximal/distal pattern formation
GO:0010717	regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition
GO:0030199	collagen fibril organization
GO:0030308	negative regulation of cell growth
GO:0030326	embryonic limb morphogenesis
GO:0030502	negative regulation of bone mineralization
GO:0030514	negative regulation of BMP signaling pathway
GO:0033689	negative regulation of osteoblast proliferation
GO:0042346	positive regulation of NF-kappaB import into nucleus
GO:0043542	endothelial cell migration
GO:0045766	positive regulation of angiogenesis
GO:0045892	negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
GO:0045893	positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
GO:0045944	positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
GO:0046851	negative regulation of bone remodeling
GO:0048263	determination of dorsal identity
GO:0051092	positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity
GO:0051893	regulation of focal adhesion assembly
GO:0051973	positive regulation of telomerase activity
GO:0060394	negative regulation of pathway-restricted SMAD protein phosphorylation
GO:0060676	ureteric bud formation
GO:0061098	positive regulation of protein tyrosine kinase activity
GO:0090027	negative regulation of monocyte chemotaxis
GO:0090090	negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway
GO:0090190	positive regulation of branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis
GO:0090191	negative regulation of branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis
GO:0090291	negative regulation of osteoclast proliferation
GO:1900086	positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine autophosphorylation
GO:1900155	negative regulation of bone trabecula formation
GO:1900158	negative regulation of bone mineralization involved in bone maturation
GO:2000273	positive regulation of receptor activity
GO:2000727	positive regulation of cardiac muscle cell differentiation