InnateDB Protein
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IDBP-201130.6
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Last Modified
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2014-10-13 [Report errors or provide feedback]
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Gene Symbol
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Trex1
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Protein Name
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three prime repair exonuclease 1
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Synonyms
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1661; AU041952;
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Species
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Mus musculus
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Ensembl Protein
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ENSMUSP00000050971
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InnateDB Gene
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IDBG-201128 (Trex1)
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Protein Structure
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Function |
Major cellular 3'-to-5' DNA exonuclease which digests single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) with mismatched 3' termini. Prevents cell-intrinsic initiation of autoimmunity. Acts by metabolizing DNA fragments from endogenous retroelements, including L1, LTR and SINE elements. Unless degraded, these DNA fragments accumulate in the cytosol and activate the IFN-stimulatory DNA (ISD) response and innate immune signaling. Prevents chronic ATM-dependent checkpoint activation, by processing ssDNA polynucleotide species arising from the processing of aberrant DNA replication intermediates. Inefficiently degrades oxidized DNA, such as that generated upon antimicrobial reactive oxygen production or upon absorption of UV light. During GZMA-mediated cell death, contributes to DNA damage in concert with NME1. NME1 nicks one strand of DNA and TREX1 removes bases from the free 3' end to enhance DNA damage and prevent DNA end reannealing and rapid repair. {ECO:0000269PubMed:10391904, ECO:0000269PubMed:11279105, ECO:0000269PubMed:15254239, ECO:0000269PubMed:17293595, ECO:0000269PubMed:17355961, ECO:0000269PubMed:18045533, ECO:0000269PubMed:18724932, ECO:0000269PubMed:18780819, ECO:0000269PubMed:23993650, ECO:0000269PubMed:24218451}.
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Subcellular Localization |
Nucleus. Cytoplasm, cytosol. Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. Note=Retained in the cytoplasm through the C-terminal region. In response to DNA damage, translocates to the nucleus where it is specifically recruited to replication foci. Translocation to the nucleus also occurs during GZMA-mediated cell death.
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Disease Associations |
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Tissue Specificity |
Widely expressed with high expression levels detected in spleen, thymus and uterus. {ECO:0000269PubMed:24218451}.
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Comments |
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Number of Interactions
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This gene and/or its encoded proteins are associated with 2 experimentally validated interaction(s) in this database.
They are also associated with 4 interaction(s) predicted by orthology.
Experimentally validated |
Total |
2
[view]
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Protein-Protein |
2
[view]
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Protein-DNA |
0
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Protein-RNA |
0
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DNA-DNA |
0
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RNA-RNA |
0
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DNA-RNA |
0
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Predicted by orthology |
Total |
4 [view]
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Molecular Function |
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Biological Process |
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Cellular Component |
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PDB ID |
MGI:1328317
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InterPro |
IPR006055
Exonuclease
IPR012337
Ribonuclease H-like domain
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PFAM |
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PRINTS |
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PIRSF |
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SMART |
SM00479
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TIGRFAMs |
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Modification |
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SwissProt |
Q91XB0
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PhosphoSite |
PhosphoSite-Q91XB0
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TrEMBL |
D3YUE0
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UniProt Splice Variant |
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Entrez Gene |
22040
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UniGene |
Mm.467431
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RefSeq |
NP_035767
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MGI ID |
3U6F
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MGI Symbol |
Trex1
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OMIM |
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CCDS |
CCDS23544
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HPRD |
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IMGT |
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EMBL |
AC140383
AF151106
AF319574
AK009899
AK087832
AK171916
BC011133
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GenPept |
AAD48775
AAH11133
AAK07621
BAB26571
BAC40020
BAE42731
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