Homo sapiens Protein: HP | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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Summary | |||||||||||||||||||||||
InnateDB Protein | IDBP-41494.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Last Modified | 2014-10-13 [Report errors or provide feedback] | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Gene Symbol | HP | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Protein Name | haptoglobin | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Synonyms | BP; HP2ALPHA2; HPA1S; | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Species | Homo sapiens | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Ensembl Protein | ENSP00000348170 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
InnateDB Gene | IDBG-547150 (HP) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Protein Structure | |||||||||||||||||||||||
UniProt Annotation | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Function | As a result of hemolysis, hemoglobin is found to accumulate in the kidney and is secreted in the urine. Haptoglobin captures, and combines with free plasma hemoglobin to allow hepatic recycling of heme iron and to prevent kidney damage. Haptoglobin also acts as an Antimicrobial; Antioxidant, has antibacterial activity and plays a role in modulating many aspects of the acute phase response. Hemoglobin/haptoglobin complexes are rapidely cleared by the macrophage CD163 scavenger receptor expressed on the surface of liver Kupfer cells through an endocytic lysosomal degradation pathway. {ECO:0000269PubMed:21248165}.Uncleaved haptoglogin, also known as zonulin, plays a role in intestinal permeability, allowing intercellular tight junction disassembly, and controlling the equilibrium between tolerance and immunity to non-self antigens. {ECO:0000269PubMed:21248165}. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Subcellular Localization | Secreted. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Disease Associations | Anhaptoglobinemia (AHP) [MIM:614081]: A condition characterized by the absence of the serum glycoprotein haptoglobin. Serum levels of haptoglobin vary among normal persons: levels are low in the neonatal period and in the elderly, differ by population, and can be influenced by environmental factors, such as infection. Secondary hypohaptoglobinemia can occur as a consequence of hemolysis, during which haptoglobin binds to free hemoglobin. Congenital haptoglobin deficiency is a risk factor for anaphylactic non-hemolytic transfusion reactions. {ECO:0000269PubMed:14999562}. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Tissue Specificity | Expressed by the liver and secreted in plasma. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Comments | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Interactions | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Number of Interactions |
This gene and/or its encoded proteins are associated with 21 experimentally validated interaction(s) in this database.
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Gene Ontology | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Molecular Function |
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Biological Process |
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Cellular Component |
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Protein Structure and Domains | |||||||||||||||||||||||
PDB ID | |||||||||||||||||||||||
InterPro |
IPR000436
Sushi/SCR/CCP IPR001254 Peptidase S1 IPR001314 Peptidase S1A, chymotrypsin-type IPR009003 Trypsin-like cysteine/serine peptidase domain |
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PFAM |
PF00084
PF00089 |
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PRINTS |
PR00722
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PIRSF | |||||||||||||||||||||||
SMART |
SM00032
SM00020 |
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TIGRFAMs | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Post-translational Modifications | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Modification | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Cross-References | |||||||||||||||||||||||
SwissProt | P00738 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
PhosphoSite | PhosphoSite-P00738 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
TrEMBL | Q6PEJ8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
UniProt Splice Variant | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Entrez Gene | 3250 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
UniGene | Hs.513711 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
RefSeq | NP_005134 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
HUGO | HGNC:5141 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
OMIM | 140210 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
CCDS | CCDS45524 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
HPRD | 00772 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
IMGT | |||||||||||||||||||||||
EMBL | AC004682 AC009087 AK314700 BC017862 BC058031 BC107587 BC121124 BC121125 DQ314870 K00422 K01763 L29394 M10935 M13192 M69197 X00606 X00637 X01786 X01789 X01791 X01793 X02206 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
GenPept | AAA52684 AAA52685 AAA52687 AAA88078 AAA88080 AAC27432 AAH17862 AAH58031 AAI07588 AAI21125 AAI21126 ABC40729 BAF98793 CAA25248 CAA25267 CAA25926 | ||||||||||||||||||||||