InnateDB: Systems Biology of the Innate Immune Response

Homo sapiens Protein: BAX

Summary

InnateDB Protein

IDBP-61465.7

Last Modified

2014-10-13 [Report errors or provide feedback]

Gene Symbol

BAX

Protein Name

BCL2-associated X protein

Synonyms

BCL2L4;

Species

Homo sapiens

Ensembl Protein

ENSP00000346461

InnateDB Gene

IDBG-61459 (BAX)

Protein Structure

UniProt Annotation

Function

Accelerates programmed cell death by binding to, and antagonizing the apoptosis repressor BCL2 or its adenovirus homolog E1B 19k protein. Under stress conditions, undergoes a conformation change that causes translocation to the mitochondrion membrane, leading to the release of cytochrome c that then triggers apoptosis. Promotes activation of CASP3, and thereby apoptosis. {ECO:0000269PubMed:10772918, ECO:0000269PubMed:16113678, ECO:0000269PubMed:18948948, ECO:0000269PubMed:21199865, ECO:0000269PubMed:8358790, ECO:0000269PubMed:8521816}.

Subcellular Localization

Isoform Alpha: Mitochondrion membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. Cytoplasm. Note=Colocalizes with 14- 3-3 proteins in the cytoplasm. Under stress conditions, undergoes a conformation change that causes release from JNK-phosphorylated 14-3-3 proteins and translocation to the mitochondrion membrane.Isoform Beta: Cytoplasm.Isoform Gamma: Cytoplasm.Isoform Delta: Cytoplasm {ECO:0000305}.

Disease Associations

Tissue Specificity

Expressed in a wide variety of tissues. Isoform Psi is found in glial tumors. Isoform Alpha is expressed in spleen, breast, ovary, testis, colon and brain, and at low levels in skin and lung. Isoform Sigma is expressed in spleen, breast, ovary, testis, lung, colon, brain and at low levels in skin. Isoform Alpha and isoform Sigma are expressed in pro- myelocytic leukemia, histiocytic lymphoma, Burkitt's lymphoma, T- cell lymphoma, lymphoblastic leukemia, breast adenocarcinoma, ovary adenocarcinoma, prostate carcinoma, prostate adenocarcinoma, lung carcinoma, epidermoid carcinoma, small cell lung carcinoma and colon adenocarcinoma cell lines. {ECO:0000269PubMed:10772918, ECO:0000269PubMed:11912183}.

Comments

Interactions

Number of Interactions

This gene and/or its encoded proteins are associated with 139 experimentally validated interaction(s) in this database.
They are also associated with 19 interaction(s) predicted by orthology.

Experimentally validated
Total	139 [view]
Protein-Protein	125 [view]
Protein-DNA	14 [view]
Protein-RNA	0
DNA-DNA	0
RNA-RNA	0
DNA-RNA	0

Predicted by orthology
Total	19 [view]

Gene Ontology

Molecular Function

Accession	GO Term
GO:0005515	protein binding
GO:0008289	lipid binding
GO:0015267	channel activity
GO:0042802	identical protein binding
GO:0042803	protein homodimerization activity
GO:0046982	protein heterodimerization activity
GO:0051434	BH3 domain binding

Biological Process

GO:0001783	B cell apoptotic process
GO:0001836	release of cytochrome c from mitochondria
GO:0006915	apoptotic process
GO:0006919	activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process
GO:0006927	transformed cell apoptotic process
GO:0008053	mitochondrial fusion
GO:0008625	extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors
GO:0008630	intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage
GO:0008635	activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process by cytochrome c
GO:0008637	apoptotic mitochondrial changes
GO:0009636	response to toxic substance
GO:0010248	establishment or maintenance of transmembrane electrochemical gradient
GO:0016032	viral process
GO:0032091	negative regulation of protein binding
GO:0032461	positive regulation of protein oligomerization
GO:0032469	endoplasmic reticulum calcium ion homeostasis
GO:0032976	release of matrix enzymes from mitochondria
GO:0042981	regulation of apoptotic process
GO:0043065	positive regulation of apoptotic process
GO:0043496	regulation of protein homodimerization activity
GO:0043497	regulation of protein heterodimerization activity
GO:0043525	positive regulation of neuron apoptotic process
GO:0043653	mitochondrial fragmentation involved in apoptotic process
GO:0051259	protein oligomerization
GO:0051260	protein homooligomerization
GO:0051881	regulation of mitochondrial membrane potential
GO:0070059	intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress
GO:0090200	positive regulation of release of cytochrome c from mitochondria
GO:0097190	apoptotic signaling pathway
GO:0097191	extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway
GO:0097192	extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand
GO:0097193	intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway
GO:1900103	positive regulation of endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response
GO:1901030	positive regulation of mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization involved in apoptotic signaling pathway
GO:1902512	positive regulation of apoptotic DNA fragmentation
GO:1990009	retinal cell apoptotic process
GO:1990117	B cell receptor apoptotic signaling pathway
GO:2001244	positive regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway

Cellular Component

GO:0005634	nucleus
GO:0005739	mitochondrion
GO:0005741	mitochondrial outer membrane
GO:0005757	mitochondrial permeability transition pore complex
GO:0005783	endoplasmic reticulum
GO:0005789	endoplasmic reticulum membrane
GO:0005829	cytosol
GO:0016020	membrane
GO:0046930	pore complex
GO:0070062	extracellular vesicular exosome
GO:0097136	Bcl-2 family protein complex
GO:0097144	BAX complex