InnateDB: Systems Biology of the Innate Immune Response

Mus musculus Protein: Hap1

Summary

InnateDB Protein

IDBP-626169.3

Last Modified

2014-10-13 [Report errors or provide feedback]

Gene Symbol

Hap1

Protein Name

huntingtin-associated protein 1

Synonyms

HAP-1;

Species

Mus musculus

Ensembl Protein

ENSMUSP00000133356

InnateDB Gene

IDBG-211346 (Hap1)

Protein Structure

UniProt Annotation

Function

Originally identified as neuronal protein that specifically associates with HTT/huntingtin and the binding is enhanced by an expanded polyglutamine repeat within HTT possibly affecting HAP1 interaction properties. Both HTT and HAP1 are involved in intracellular trafficking and HAP1 is proposed to link HTT to motor proteins and/or transport cargos. Seems to play a role in vesicular transport within neurons and axons such as from early endosomes to late endocytic compartments and to promote neurite outgrowth. The vesicular transport function via association with microtubule-dependent transporters can be attenuated by association with mutant HTT. Involved in the axonal transport of BDNF and its activity-dependent secretion; the function seems to involve HTT, DCTN1 and a complex with SORT1. Involved in APP trafficking and seems to faciltate APP anterograde transport and membrane insertion thereby possibly reducing processing into amyloid beta. Involved in delivery of gamma- aminobutyric acid (GABA(A)) receptors to synapses; the function is dependent on kinesin motor protein KIF5 and is disrupted by HTT with expanded polyglutamine repeat. Involved in regulation of autophagosome motility by promoting efficient retrograde axonal transport. Seems to be involved in regulation of membrane receptor recycling and degradation, and respective signal transduction, including GABA(A) receptors, tyrosine kinase receptors, EGFR, IP3 receptor and androgen receptor. Among others suggested to be involved in control of feeding behavior (involving hypothalamic GABA(A) receptors), cerebellar and brainstem development (involving AHI1 and NTRK1/TrkA), postnatal neurogenesis (involving hypothalamic NTRK2/TrkB regulating the number of Npyr1-expressing cells), and ITPR1/InsP3R1-mediated Ca(2+) release (involving HTT and possibly the effect of mutant HTT). Via association with DCTN1/dynactin p150-glued and HTT/huntingtin involved in cytoplasmic retention of REST in neurons. May be involved in ciliogenesiss; however, reports are conflicting: PubMed:21985783 reports that Hap1 is required for ciliogenesis in primary cortical neurons and proposes that HTT interacts with PCM1 through HAP1; PubMed:23532844 reports that mice with disrupted Hap1 display normal cilium formation and function. Involved in regulation of exocytosis. Isoform A but not isoform B seems to be involved in formation of cytoplasmic inclusion bodies (STBs). In case of anomalous expression of TBP, can sequester a subset of TBP into STBs; sequestration is enhanced by an expanded polyglutamine repeat within TBP. {ECO:0000269PubMed:12890790, ECO:0000269PubMed:15379999, ECO:0000269PubMed:17868456, ECO:0000269PubMed:18636121, ECO:0000269PubMed:21985783, ECO:0000269PubMed:24355921, ECO:0000269PubMed:24366265, ECO:0000269PubMed:24453320}.

Subcellular Localization

Cytoplasm {ECO:0000250}. Cell projection, axon {ECO:0000250}. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton {ECO:0000250}. Lysosome {ECO:0000269PubMed:24453320}. Endoplasmic reticulum {ECO:0000250}. Cytoplasmic vesicle, secretory vesicle, synaptic vesicle {ECO:0000250}. Mitochondrion {ECO:0000250}. Nucleus {ECO:0000250}. Cytoplasmic vesicle, autophagosome {ECO:0000269PubMed:24453320}. Note=Localizes to large nonmembrane-bound cytoplasmic bodies found in various types of neurons, called stigmoid bodies (STBs); STB formation is regulated by the ratio of isoform A to isoform B. Localization to neuronal processes and neurite tips is decreased by YWHAZ. In the nucleus localizes to nuclear rods (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.

Disease Associations

Tissue Specificity

Comments

Interactions

Number of Interactions

This gene and/or its encoded proteins are associated with 14 experimentally validated interaction(s) in this database.
They are also associated with 62 interaction(s) predicted by orthology.