InnateDB: Systems Biology of the Innate Immune Response

Mus musculus Protein: Ptgds

Summary

InnateDB Protein

IDBP-145985.6

Last Modified

2014-10-13 [Report errors or provide feedback]

Gene Symbol

Ptgds

Protein Name

prostaglandin D2 synthase (brain)

Synonyms

21kDa; L-PGDS; PGD2; PGDS; PGDS2; Ptgs3;

Species

Mus musculus

Ensembl Protein

ENSMUSP00000015234

InnateDB Gene

IDBG-145983 (Ptgds)

Protein Structure

UniProt Annotation

Function

Catalyzes the conversion of PGH2 to PGD2, a prostaglandin involved in smooth muscle contraction/relaxation and a potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation. Involved in a variety of CNS functions, such as sedation, NREM sleep and PGE2-induced allodynia, and may have an anti-apoptotic role in oligodendrocytes. Binds small non-substrate lipophilic molecules, including biliverdin, bilirubin, retinal, retinoic acid and thyroid hormone, and may act as a scavenger for harmful hydrophopic molecules and as a secretory retinoid and thyroid hormone transporter. Possibly involved in development and maintenance of the blood-brain, blood-retina, blood-aqueous humor and blood-testis barrier. It is likely to play important roles in both maturation and maintenance of the central nervous system and male reproductive system. {ECO:0000269PubMed:10781097, ECO:0000269PubMed:11751991, ECO:0000269PubMed:12077186, ECO:0000269PubMed:17715133, ECO:0000269PubMed:19546224, ECO:0000269PubMed:19833210, ECO:0000269PubMed:8922532, ECO:0000269PubMed:9892701}.

Subcellular Localization

Rough endoplasmic reticulum {ECO:0000250}. Nucleus membrane {ECO:0000250}. Golgi apparatus {ECO:0000250}. Cytoplasm, perinuclear region {ECO:0000250}. Secreted {ECO:0000250}. Note=Detected on rough endoplasmic reticulum of arachnoid and menigioma cells. Localized to the nuclear envelope, Golgi apparatus, secretory vesicles and spherical cytoplasmic structures in arachnoid trabecular cells, and to circular cytoplasmic structures in meningeal macrophages and perivascular microglial cells. In oligodendrocytes, localized to the rough endoplasmic reticulum and nuclear envelope. In retinal pigment epithelial cells, localized to distinct cytoplasmic domains including the perinuclear region. Also secreted (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.

Disease Associations

Tissue Specificity

Abundant in the brain and CNS, where it is expressed in tissues of the blood-brain barrier and secreted into the cerebro-spinal fluid. In the male reproductive system, it is expressed in the testis, efferent ducts and epididymis, and is secreted into the seminal fluid. In the eye, it is expressed in the pigmented epithelium of the retina and the nonpigmented epithelium of the ciliary body, and secreted into the aqueous humor. Low levels detected in various tissue fluids such as serum, normal urine, ascitic fluid and tear fluid. Also found in a number of other organs including the ear, heart and lung. {ECO:0000269PubMed:11105911, ECO:0000269PubMed:11751991, ECO:0000269PubMed:8922532, ECO:0000269PubMed:9892701}.

Comments

Interactions

Number of Interactions

This gene and/or its encoded proteins are associated with 2 experimentally validated interaction(s) in this database.
They are also associated with 9 interaction(s) predicted by orthology.

Experimentally validated
Total	2 [view]
Protein-Protein	0
Protein-DNA	2 [view]
Protein-RNA	0
DNA-DNA	0
RNA-RNA	0
DNA-RNA	0

Predicted by orthology
Total	9 [view]

Gene Ontology

Molecular Function

Accession	GO Term
GO:0004667	prostaglandin-D synthase activity
GO:0005215	transporter activity
GO:0005501	retinoid binding
GO:0005504	fatty acid binding

Biological Process

GO:0001516	prostaglandin biosynthetic process
GO:0006810	transport
GO:0045187	regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, sleep
GO:0051384	response to glucocorticoid

Cellular Component

GO:0005576	extracellular region
GO:0005615	extracellular space
GO:0005791	rough endoplasmic reticulum
GO:0005794	Golgi apparatus
GO:0031965	nuclear membrane
GO:0048471	perinuclear region of cytoplasm
GO:0070062	extracellular vesicular exosome

Protein Structure and Domains

PDB ID

MGI:99261

InterPro

IPR000566 Lipocalin/cytosolic fatty-acid binding domain
IPR002345 Lipocalin
IPR002968 Alpha-1-microglobulin
IPR002971 Major urinary protein
IPR002972 Prostaglandin D synthase
IPR003087 Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin
IPR011038 Calycin-like

PFAM

PF00061
PF08212

PRINTS

PR00179
PR01215
PR01221
PR01254
PR01275

PIRSF

SMART

TIGRFAMs

Post-translational Modifications

Modification

Cross-References

SwissProt

O09114