InnateDB Protein
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IDBP-292611.6
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Last Modified
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2014-10-13 [Report errors or provide feedback]
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Gene Symbol
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SLC29A4
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Protein Name
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solute carrier family 29 (nucleoside transporters), member 4
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Synonyms
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Species
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Homo sapiens
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Ensembl Protein
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ENSP00000385845
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InnateDB Gene
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IDBG-7459 (SLC29A4)
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Protein Structure
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Function |
Functions as a polyspecific organic cation transporter, efficiently transporting many organic cations such as monoamine neurotransmitters 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium and biogenic amines including serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine and epinephrine. May play a role in regulating central nervous system homeostasis of monoamine neurotransmitters. May be involved in luminal transport of organic cations in the kidney and seems to use luminal proton gradient to drive organic cation reabsorption. Does not seem to transport nucleoside and nucleoside analogs such as uridine, cytidine, thymidine, adenosine, inosine, guanosine, and azidothymidine. In (PubMed:16873718) adenosine is efficiently transported but in a fashion highly sensitive to extracellular pH, with maximal activity in the pH range 5.5 to 6.5. Glu-206 is essential for the cation selectivity and may function as the charge sensor for cationic substrates. Transport is chloride and sodium-independent but appears to be sensitive to changes in membrane potential. Weakly inhibited by the classical inhibitors of equilibrative nucleoside transport, dipyridamole, dilazep, and nitrobenzylthioinosine. May play a role in the regulation of extracellular adenosine concentrations in cardiac tissues, in particular during ischemia. {ECO:0000269PubMed:15448143, ECO:0000269PubMed:16873718, ECO:0000269PubMed:17018840, ECO:0000269PubMed:17121826}.
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Subcellular Localization |
Cell membrane {ECO:0000305}; Multi-pass membrane protein {ECO:0000305}. Apical cell membrane {ECO:0000305}; Multi-pass membrane protein {ECO:0000305}. Note=Located to the plasma membranes of ventricular myocytes and vascular endothelial cells. Targeted to the apical membranes of differentiated kidney epithelial cells. {ECO:0000269PubMed:15448143, ECO:0000269PubMed:16873718}.
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Disease Associations |
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Tissue Specificity |
Expressed abundantly in the heart, in both cardiomyocytes and vascular endothelial cells (at protein level). Highly expressed in brain, kidney and skeletal muscle. In the brain expressed in cerebellum, cerebral cortex, medulla, occipital pole, frontal and temporal lobes putamen and in the spinal cord. Lower expression in liver, pancreas, and liver. Expressed in endometrial tissue, exclusively in the stroma. Expression is high in the proliferative phase, decreases during the secretory phase, and is no longer detectable in the menstrual phase. {ECO:0000269PubMed:15448143, ECO:0000269PubMed:16873718, ECO:0000269PubMed:17018840, ECO:0000269PubMed:17393420}.
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Comments |
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Number of Interactions
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This gene and/or its encoded proteins are associated with 0 experimentally validated interaction(s) in this database.
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Molecular Function |
Accession |
GO Term |
GO:0005337
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nucleoside transmembrane transporter activity
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Biological Process |
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Cellular Component |
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PDB ID |
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InterPro |
IPR002259
Equilibrative nucleoside transporter
IPR016196
Major facilitator superfamily domain, general substrate transporter
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PFAM |
PF01733
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PRINTS |
PR01130
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PIRSF |
PIRSF016379
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SMART |
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TIGRFAMs |
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Modification |
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SwissProt |
Q7RTT9
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PhosphoSite |
PhosphoSite-Q7RTT9
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TrEMBL |
C9JZA2
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UniProt Splice Variant |
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Entrez Gene |
222962
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UniGene |
Hs.4302
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RefSeq |
NP_001287776
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HUGO |
HGNC:23097
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OMIM |
609149
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CCDS |
CCDS75561
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HPRD |
15362
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IMGT |
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EMBL |
AC093376
AK075422
AK092242
AY485959
BC025325
BC047592
BK000627
CH471144
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GenPept |
AAH25325
AAH47592
AAS65965
BAC03836
BAC11612
DAA00308
EAW87329
EAW87330
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