InnateDB: Systems Biology of the Innate Immune Response

Homo sapiens Protein: ATG3

Summary

InnateDB Protein

IDBP-295230.6

Last Modified

2014-10-13 [Report errors or provide feedback]

Gene Symbol

ATG3

Protein Name

ATG3 autophagy related 3 homolog (S. cerevisiae)

Synonyms

Species

Homo sapiens

Ensembl Protein

ENSP00000385943

InnateDB Gene

IDBG-49891 (ATG3)

Protein Structure

UniProt Annotation

Function

E2 conjugating enzyme required for the cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt), autophagy, and mitochondrial homeostasis. Responsible for the E2-like covalent binding of phosphatidylethanolamine to the C-terminal Gly of ATG8-like proteins (GABARAP, GABARAPL1, GABARAPL2 or MAP1LC3A). The ATG12- ATG5 conjugate plays a role of an E3 and promotes the transfer of ATG8-like proteins from ATG3 to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). This step is required for the membrane association of ATG8-like proteins. The formation of the ATG8-phosphatidylethanolamine conjugates is essential for autophagy and for the cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt). Preferred substrate is MAP1LC3A. Also acts as an autocatalytic E2-like enzyme, catalyzing the conjugation of ATG12 to itself, ATG12 conjugation to ATG3 playing a role in mitochondrial homeostasis but not in autophagy. ATG7 (E1-like enzyme) facilitates this reaction by forming an E1-E2 complex with ATG3. Promotes primary ciliogenesis by removing OFD1 from centriolar satellites via the autophagic pathway. {ECO:0000269PubMed:11825910, ECO:0000269PubMed:12207896, ECO:0000269PubMed:12890687, ECO:0000269PubMed:16704426, ECO:0000269PubMed:20723759}.

Subcellular Localization

Cytoplasm {ECO:0000269PubMed:11825910}.

Disease Associations

Tissue Specificity

Widely expressed, with a highest expression in heart, skeletal muscle, kidney, liver and placenta. {ECO:0000269PubMed:11825910}.

Comments

Interactions

Number of Interactions

This gene and/or its encoded proteins are associated with 41 experimentally validated interaction(s) in this database.
They are also associated with 3 interaction(s) predicted by orthology.

Experimentally validated
Total	41 [view]
Protein-Protein	39 [view]
Protein-DNA	2 [view]
Protein-RNA	0
DNA-DNA	0
RNA-RNA	0
DNA-RNA	0

Predicted by orthology
Total	3 [view]

Gene Ontology

Molecular Function

Accession	GO Term
GO:0005515	protein binding
GO:0019776	Atg8 ligase activity
GO:0019777	Atg12 ligase activity
GO:0019787	small conjugating protein ligase activity
GO:0019899	enzyme binding

Biological Process

GO:0000045	autophagic vacuole assembly
GO:0000422	mitochondrion degradation
GO:0006464	cellular protein modification process
GO:0006612	protein targeting to membrane
GO:0016567	protein ubiquitination
GO:0043653	mitochondrial fragmentation involved in apoptotic process
GO:0044804	nucleophagy
GO:1902017	regulation of cilium assembly