InnateDB: Systems Biology of the Innate Immune Response

Homo sapiens Protein: TET3

Summary

InnateDB Protein

IDBP-295536.5

Last Modified

2014-10-13 [Report errors or provide feedback]

Gene Symbol

TET3

Protein Name

tet methylcytosine dioxygenase 3

Synonyms

Species

Homo sapiens

Ensembl Protein

ENSP00000386869

InnateDB Gene

IDBG-56864 (TET3)

Protein Structure

UniProt Annotation

Function

Dioxygenase that catalyzes the conversion of the modified genomic base 5-methylcytosine (5mC) into 5- hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) and plays a key role in epigenetic chromatin reprogramming in the zygote following fertilization. Also mediates subsequent conversion of 5hmC into 5-formylcytosine (5fC), and conversion of 5fC to 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC). Conversion of 5mC into 5hmC, 5fC and 5caC probably constitutes the first step in cytosine demethylation. In zygotes, DNA demethylation occurs selectively in the paternal pronucleus before the first cell division, while the adjacent maternal pronucleus and certain paternally-imprinted loci are protected from this process. Participates in DNA demethylation in the paternal pronucleus by mediating conversion of 5mC into 5hmC, 5fC and 5caC. Does not mediate DNA demethylation of maternal pronucleus because of the presence of DPPA3/PGC7 on maternal chromatin that prevents TET3-binding to chromatin (By similarity). In addition to its role in DNA demethylation, also involved in the recruitment of the O- GlcNAc transferase OGT to CpG-rich transcription start sites of active genes, thereby promoting histone H2B GlcNAcylation by OGT. {ECO:0000250, ECO:0000269PubMed:23353889}.

Subcellular Localization

Nucleus {ECO:0000250}. Cytoplasm {ECO:0000250}. Note=At the zygotic stage, localizes in the male pronucleus, while it localizes to the cytoplasm at other preimplantation stages. {ECO:0000250}.

Disease Associations

Tissue Specificity

Expressed in colon, muscle, adrenal gland and peripheral blood lymphocytes. {ECO:0000269PubMed:12646957}.

Comments

Interactions

Number of Interactions

This gene and/or its encoded proteins are associated with 15 experimentally validated interaction(s) in this database.

Experimentally validated
Total	15 [view]
Protein-Protein	15 [view]
Protein-DNA	0
Protein-RNA	0
DNA-DNA	0
RNA-RNA	0
DNA-RNA	0

Gene Ontology

Molecular Function

Accession	GO Term
GO:0003677	DNA binding
GO:0005515	protein binding
GO:0008270	zinc ion binding
GO:0046872	metal ion binding
GO:0070579	methylcytosine dioxygenase activity

Biological Process

GO:0006493	protein O-linked glycosylation
GO:0044727	DNA demethylation of male pronucleus
GO:0045944	positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
GO:0055114	oxidation-reduction process
GO:0080111	DNA demethylation
GO:0080182	histone H3-K4 trimethylation