InnateDB: Systems Biology of the Innate Immune Response

Homo sapiens Protein: ANPEP

Summary

InnateDB Protein

IDBP-29620.6

Last Modified

2014-10-13 [Report errors or provide feedback]

Gene Symbol

ANPEP

Protein Name

alanyl (membrane) aminopeptidase

Synonyms

APN; CD13; GP150; LAP1; P150; PEPN;

Species

Homo sapiens

Ensembl Protein

ENSP00000300060

InnateDB Gene

IDBG-29618 (ANPEP)

Protein Structure

UniProt Annotation

Function

Broad specificity aminopeptidase. Plays a role in the final digestion of peptides generated from hydrolysis of proteins by gastric and pancreatic proteases. May play a critical role in the pathogenesis of cholesterol gallstone disease. May be involved in the metabolism of regulatory peptides of diverse cell types, responsible for the processing of peptide hormones, such as angiotensin III and IV, neuropeptides, and chemokines. Found to cleave antigen peptides bound to major histocompatibility complex class II molecules of presenting cells and to degrade neurotransmitters at synaptic junctions. Is also implicated as a regulator of IL-8 bioavailability in the endometrium, and therefore may contribute to the regulation of angiogenesis. Is used as a marker for acute myeloid leukemia and plays a role in tumor invasion. In case of human coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E) infection, serves as receptor for HCoV-229E spike glycoprotein. Mediates as well human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection. {ECO:0000269PubMed:10605003, ECO:0000269PubMed:10676659, ECO:0000269PubMed:11384645, ECO:0000269PubMed:12473585, ECO:0000269PubMed:9056417}.

Subcellular Localization

Cell membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein. Cytoplasm, cytosol {ECO:0000305}. Note=A soluble form has also been detected.

Disease Associations

Tissue Specificity

Expressed in epithelial cells of the kidney, intestine, and respiratory tract; granulocytes, monocytes, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, cerebral pericytes at the blood- brain barrier, synaptic membranes of cells in the CNS. Also expressed in endometrial stromal cells, but not in the endometrial glandular cells. Found in the vasculature of tissues that undergo angiogenesis and in malignant gliomas and lymph node metastases from multiple tumor types but not in blood vessels of normal tissues. A soluble form has been found in plasma. It is found to be elevated in plasma and effusions of cancer patients.

Comments

Interactions

Number of Interactions

This gene and/or its encoded proteins are associated with 6 experimentally validated interaction(s) in this database.

Experimentally validated
Total	6 [view]
Protein-Protein	4 [view]
Protein-DNA	2 [view]
Protein-RNA	0
DNA-DNA	0
RNA-RNA	0
DNA-RNA	0

Gene Ontology

Molecular Function

Accession	GO Term
GO:0001618	virus receptor activity
GO:0004177	aminopeptidase activity
GO:0004872	receptor activity
GO:0008237	metallopeptidase activity
GO:0008270	zinc ion binding

Biological Process

GO:0001525	angiogenesis
GO:0002003	angiotensin maturation
GO:0006508	proteolysis
GO:0009615	response to virus
GO:0016032	viral process
GO:0030154	cell differentiation
GO:0044267	cellular protein metabolic process

Cellular Component

GO:0005615	extracellular space
GO:0005765	lysosomal membrane
GO:0005793	endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment
GO:0005829	cytosol
GO:0005887	integral component of plasma membrane
GO:0009897	external side of plasma membrane
GO:0070062	extracellular vesicular exosome