InnateDB: Systems Biology of the Innate Immune Response

Homo sapiens Protein: SLC26A5

Summary

InnateDB Protein

IDBP-34412.6

Last Modified

2014-10-13 [Report errors or provide feedback]

Gene Symbol

SLC26A5

Protein Name

solute carrier family 26, member 5 (prestin)

Synonyms

Species

Homo sapiens

Ensembl Protein

ENSP00000304783

InnateDB Gene

IDBG-34404 (SLC26A5)

Protein Structure

UniProt Annotation

Function

Motor protein that converts auditory stimuli to length changes in outer hair cells and mediates sound amplification in the mammalian hearing organ. Prestin is a bidirectional voltage- to-force converter, it can operate at microsecond rates. It uses cytoplasmic anions as extrinsic voltage sensors, probably chloride and bicarbonate. After binding to a site with millimolar affinity, these anions are translocated across the membrane in response to changes in the transmembrane voltage. They move towards the extracellular surface following hyperpolarization, and towards the cytoplasmic side in response to depolarization. As a consequence, this translocation triggers conformational changes in the protein that ultimately alter its surface area in the plane of the plasma membrane. The area decreases when the anion is near the cytoplasmic face of the membrane (short state), and increases when the ion has crossed the membrane to the outer surface (long state). So, it acts as an incomplete transporter. It swings anions across the membrane, but does not allow these anions to dissociate and escape to the extracellular space. Salicylate, an inhibitor of outer hair cell motility, acts as competitive antagonist at the prestin anion-binding site (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.

Subcellular Localization

Cell membrane {ECO:0000250}; Multi-pass membrane protein {ECO:0000250}. Note=Lateral wall of outer hair cells. {ECO:0000250}.

Disease Associations

Deafness, autosomal recessive, 61 (DFNB61) [MIM:613865]: A form of non-syndromic sensorineural hearing loss. Sensorineural deafness results from damage to the neural receptors of the inner ear, the nerve pathways to the brain, or the area of the brain that receives sound information. {ECO:0000269PubMed:12719379}. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Tissue Specificity

Comments

Interactions

Number of Interactions

This gene and/or its encoded proteins are associated with 0 experimentally validated interaction(s) in this database.

Gene Ontology

Molecular Function

Accession	GO Term
GO:0005515	protein binding
GO:0008271	secondary active sulfate transmembrane transporter activity
GO:0015116	sulfate transmembrane transporter activity
GO:0030507	spectrin binding

Biological Process

GO:0007605	sensory perception of sound
GO:0008272	sulfate transport
GO:0008360	regulation of cell shape
GO:0042391	regulation of membrane potential
GO:0055085	transmembrane transport
GO:1902358	sulfate transmembrane transport