Homo sapiens Protein: PIWIL2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Summary | |||||||||||||||||||||||
InnateDB Protein | IDBP-362954.4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Last Modified | 2014-10-13 [Report errors or provide feedback] | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Gene Symbol | PIWIL2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Protein Name | piwi-like 2 (Drosophila) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Synonyms | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Species | Homo sapiens | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Ensembl Protein | ENSP00000406956 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
InnateDB Gene | IDBG-10698 (PIWIL2) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Protein Structure | |||||||||||||||||||||||
UniProt Annotation | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Function | Plays a central role during spermatogenesis by repressing transposable elements and preventing their mobilization, which is essential for the germline integrity. Plays an essential role in meiotic differentiation of spermatocytes, germ cell differentiation and in self-renewal of spermatogonial stem cells. Its presence in oocytes suggests that it may participate in similar functions during oogenesis in females. Acts via the piRNA metabolic process, which mediates the repression of transposable elements during meiosis by forming complexes composed of piRNAs and Piwi proteins and governs the methylation and subsequent repression of transposons. Directly binds piRNAs, a class of 24 to 30 nucleotide RNAs that are generated by a Dicer- independent mechanism and are primarily derived from transposons and other repeated sequence elements. Associates with primary piRNAs in the cytoplasm and is required for PIWIL4/MIWI2 nuclear localization and association with secondary piRNAs antisense. The piRNA process acts upstream of known mediators of DNA methylation. Participates in a piRNA amplification loop. Besides their function in transposable elements repression, piRNAs are probably involved in other processes during meiosis such as translation regulation. Indirectly modulate expression of genes such as PDGFRB, SLC2A1, ITGA6, GJA7, THY1, CD9 and STRA8. Inhibits tumor cell growth when repressed. When overexpressed, acts as an oncogene by inhibition of apoptosis and promotion of proliferation in tumors (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Subcellular Localization | Cytoplasm {ECO:0000250}. Note=Present in chromatoid body. Probable component of the meiotic nuage, also named P granule, a germ-cell-specific organelle required to repress transposon activity during meiosis (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Disease Associations | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Tissue Specificity | Expressed in adult testis and in most tumors. {ECO:0000269PubMed:16377660}. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Comments | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Interactions | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Number of Interactions |
This gene and/or its encoded proteins are associated with 5 experimentally validated interaction(s) in this database.
They are also associated with 2 interaction(s) predicted by orthology.
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
Gene Ontology | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Molecular Function |
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
Biological Process |
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
Cellular Component |
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
Protein Structure and Domains | |||||||||||||||||||||||
PDB ID | |||||||||||||||||||||||
InterPro |
IPR003100
PAZ domain IPR003165 Stem cell self-renewal protein Piwi IPR012337 Ribonuclease H-like domain |
||||||||||||||||||||||
PFAM |
PF02170
PF02171 |
||||||||||||||||||||||
PRINTS | |||||||||||||||||||||||
PIRSF | |||||||||||||||||||||||
SMART |
SM00949
SM00950 |
||||||||||||||||||||||
TIGRFAMs | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Post-translational Modifications | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Modification | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Cross-References | |||||||||||||||||||||||
SwissProt | Q8TC59 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
PhosphoSite | PhosphoSite-Q8TC59 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
TrEMBL | W0HK13 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
UniProt Splice Variant | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Entrez Gene | 55124 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
UniGene | Hs.613602 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
RefSeq | NP_001129193 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
HUGO | HGNC:17644 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
OMIM | 610312 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
CCDS | CCDS6029 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
HPRD | 11434 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
IMGT | |||||||||||||||||||||||
EMBL | AB079367 AK001213 AK027497 AK291038 AK292440 AK299068 AK315830 AK315833 BC025995 BC111751 HQ651229 KF651165 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
GenPept | AAH25995 AAI11752 ADV17663 AHF72552 BAA91558 BAB55155 BAC81342 BAF83727 BAF85129 BAF98721 BAF98724 BAG61134 | ||||||||||||||||||||||