InnateDB: Systems Biology of the Innate Immune Response

Homo sapiens Protein: CD163

Summary

InnateDB Protein

IDBP-365655.5

Last Modified

2014-10-13 [Report errors or provide feedback]

Gene Symbol

CD163

Protein Name

CD163 molecule

Synonyms

M130; MM130;

Species

Homo sapiens

Ensembl Protein

ENSP00000403885

InnateDB Gene

IDBG-16292 (CD163)

Protein Structure

UniProt Annotation

Function

Acute phase-regulated receptor involved in clearance and endocytosis of hemoglobin/haptoglobin complexes by macrophages and may thereby protect tissues from free hemoglobin-mediated oxidative damage. May play a role in the uptake and recycling of iron, via endocytosis of hemoglobin/haptoglobin and subsequent breakdown of heme. Binds hemoglobin/haptoglobin complexes in a calcium-dependent and pH-dependent manner. Exhibits a higher affinity for complexes of hemoglobin and multimeric haptoglobin of HP*1F phenotype than for complexes of hemoglobin and dimeric haptoglobin of HP*1S phenotype. Induces a cascade of intracellular signals that involves tyrosine kinase-dependent calcium mobilization, inositol triphosphate production and secretion of IL6 and CSF1. Isoform 3 exhibits the higher capacity for ligand endocytosis and the more pronounced surface expression when expressed in cells.After shedding, the soluble form (sCD163) may play an anti-inflammatory role, and may be a valuable diagnostic parameter for monitoring macrophage activation in inflammatory conditions.

Subcellular Localization

Soluble CD163: Secreted.Cell membrane {ECO:0000269PubMed:10577520, ECO:0000269PubMed:10648003}; Single-pass type I membrane protein {ECO:0000269PubMed:10577520, ECO:0000269PubMed:10648003}. Note=Isoform 1 and isoform 2 show a lower surface expression when expressed in cells.

Disease Associations

Tissue Specificity

Expressed in monocytes and mature macrophages such as Kupffer cells in the liver, red pulp macrophages in the spleen, cortical macrophages in the thymus, resident bone marrow macrophages and meningeal macrophages of the central nervous system. Expressed also in blood. Isoform 1 is the lowest abundant in the blood. Isoform 2 is the lowest abundant in the liver and the spleen. Isoform 3 is the predominant isoform detected in the blood. {ECO:0000269PubMed:10577520, ECO:0000269PubMed:11196644, ECO:0000269PubMed:16434690}.

Comments

Interactions

Number of Interactions

This gene and/or its encoded proteins are associated with 3 experimentally validated interaction(s) in this database.

Experimentally validated
Total	3 [view]
Protein-Protein	3 [view]
Protein-DNA	0
Protein-RNA	0
DNA-DNA	0
RNA-RNA	0
DNA-RNA	0

Gene Ontology

Molecular Function

Accession	GO Term
GO:0005044	scavenger receptor activity
GO:0005515	protein binding

Biological Process

GO:0006898	receptor-mediated endocytosis
GO:0006953	acute-phase response

Cellular Component

GO:0005576	extracellular region
GO:0005886	plasma membrane
GO:0005887	integral component of plasma membrane
GO:0016020	membrane
GO:0030666	endocytic vesicle membrane