InnateDB: Systems Biology of the Innate Immune Response

Homo sapiens Protein: ICOS

Summary

InnateDB Protein

IDBP-388516.5

Last Modified

2014-10-13 [Report errors or provide feedback]

Gene Symbol

ICOS

Protein Name

inducible T-cell co-stimulator

Synonyms

Species

Homo sapiens

Ensembl Protein

ENSP00000415951

InnateDB Gene

IDBG-79246 (ICOS)

Protein Structure

UniProt Annotation

Function

Enhances all basic T-cell responses to a foreign antigen, namely proliferation, secretion of lymphokines, up- regulation of molecules that mediate cell-cell interaction, and effective help for antibody secretion by B-cells. Essential both for efficient interaction between T and B-cells and for normal antibody responses to T-cell dependent antigens. Does not up- regulate the production of interleukin-2, but superinduces the synthesis of interleukin-10. Prevents the apoptosis of pre- activated T-cells. Plays a critical role in CD40-mediated class switching of immunoglobin isotypes (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.

Subcellular Localization

Isoform 1: Cell membrane {ECO:0000305}; Single-pass type I membrane protein {ECO:0000305}.Isoform 2: Secreted {ECO:0000305}.

Disease Associations

Immunodeficiency, common variable, 1 (CVID1) [MIM:607594]: A primary immunodeficiency characterized by antibody deficiency, hypogammaglobulinemia, recurrent bacterial infections and an inability to mount an antibody response to antigen. The defect results from a failure of B-cell differentiation and impaired secretion of immunoglobulins; the numbers of circulating B-cells is usually in the normal range, but can be low. {ECO:0000269PubMed:12577056}. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Tissue Specificity

Activated T-cells. Highly expressed on tonsillar T-cells, which are closely associated with B-cells in the apical light zone of germinal centers, the site of terminal B- cell maturation. Expressed at lower levels in thymus, lung, lymph node and peripheral blood leukocytes. Expressed in the medulla of fetal and newborn thymus. {ECO:0000269PubMed:11006126, ECO:0000269PubMed:11169414, ECO:0000269PubMed:9930702}.

Comments

Interactions

Number of Interactions

This gene and/or its encoded proteins are associated with 7 experimentally validated interaction(s) in this database.
They are also associated with 3 interaction(s) predicted by orthology.