InnateDB: Systems Biology of the Innate Immune Response

Homo sapiens Protein: KARS

Summary

InnateDB Protein

IDBP-42719.5

Last Modified

2014-10-13 [Report errors or provide feedback]

Gene Symbol

KARS

Protein Name

lysyl-tRNA synthetase

Synonyms

CMTRIB; DFNB89; KARS1; KARS2; KRS;

Species

Homo sapiens

Ensembl Protein

ENSP00000303043

InnateDB Gene

IDBG-42717 (KARS)

Protein Structure

UniProt Annotation

Function

Catalyzes the specific attachment of an amino acid to its cognate tRNA in a 2 step reaction: the amino acid (AA) is first activated by ATP to form AA-AMP and then transferred to the acceptor end of the tRNA. When secreted, acts as a signaling molecule that induces immune response through the activation of monocyte/macrophages. Catalyzes the synthesis of diadenosine oligophosphate (Ap4A), a signaling molecule involved in the activation of MITF transcriptional activity. Interacts with HIV-1 virus GAG protein, facilitating the selective packaging of tRNA(3)(Lys), the primer for reverse transcription initiation. {ECO:0000269PubMed:15851690, ECO:0000269PubMed:5338216}.

Subcellular Localization

Isoform Cytoplasmic: Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. Secreted. Note=Secretion is induced by TNF-alpha.Isoform Mitochondrial: Mitochondrion.

Disease Associations

Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, recessive, intermediate type, B (CMTRIB) [MIM:613641]: A form of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, a disorder of the peripheral nervous system, characterized by progressive weakness and atrophy, initially of the peroneal muscles and later of the distal muscles of the arms. Recessive intermediate forms of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease are characterized by clinical and pathologic features intermediate between demyelinating and axonal peripheral neuropathies, and motor median nerve conduction velocities ranging from 25 to 45 m/sec. {ECO:0000269PubMed:20920668}. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.Deafness, autosomal recessive, 89 (DFNB89) [MIM:613916]: A form of non-syndromic deafness characterized by bilateral, prelingual, moderate to severe hearing loss affecting all frequencies. {ECO:0000269PubMed:23768514}. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Tissue Specificity

Comments

Interactions

Number of Interactions

This gene and/or its encoded proteins are associated with 77 experimentally validated interaction(s) in this database.
They are also associated with 2 interaction(s) predicted by orthology.

Experimentally validated
Total	77 [view]
Protein-Protein	76 [view]
Protein-DNA	1 [view]
Protein-RNA	0
DNA-DNA	0
RNA-RNA	0
DNA-RNA	0

Predicted by orthology
Total	2 [view]

Gene Ontology

Molecular Function

Accession	GO Term
GO:0000049	tRNA binding
GO:0000166	nucleotide binding
GO:0003676	nucleic acid binding
GO:0004812	aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity
GO:0004824	lysine-tRNA ligase activity
GO:0005515	protein binding
GO:0005524	ATP binding
GO:0046872	metal ion binding

Biological Process

GO:0006418	tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation
GO:0006430	lysyl-tRNA aminoacylation
GO:0008033	tRNA processing
GO:0008219	cell death
GO:0010467	gene expression
GO:0016032	viral process

Cellular Component

GO:0005576	extracellular region
GO:0005634	nucleus
GO:0005737	cytoplasm
GO:0005739	mitochondrion
GO:0005759	mitochondrial matrix
GO:0005829	cytosol
GO:0005886	plasma membrane
GO:0015630	microtubule cytoskeleton

Protein Structure and Domains

PDB ID

InterPro

IPR002312 Aspartyl/Asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase, class IIb
IPR002313 Lysine-tRNA ligase, class II
IPR004364 Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase, class II (D/K/N)
IPR004365 OB-fold nucleic acid binding domain, AA-tRNA synthetase-type
IPR006195 Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase, class II
IPR012340 Nucleic acid-binding, OB-fold
IPR018149 Lysyl-tRNA synthetase, class II, C-terminal

PFAM

PF00152
PF01336

PRINTS

PR01042
PR00982

PIRSF

SMART

TIGRFAMs

Post-translational Modifications

Modification

Cross-References

SwissProt

Q15046