InnateDB: Systems Biology of the Innate Immune Response

Homo sapiens Protein: PRKAG2

Summary

InnateDB Protein

IDBP-49674.6

Last Modified

2014-10-13 [Report errors or provide feedback]

Gene Symbol

PRKAG2

Protein Name

protein kinase, AMP-activated, gamma 2 non-catalytic subunit

Synonyms

Species

Homo sapiens

Ensembl Protein

ENSP00000287878

InnateDB Gene

IDBG-49672 (PRKAG2)

Protein Structure

UniProt Annotation

Function

AMP/ATP-binding subunit of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), an energy sensor protein kinase that plays a key role in regulating cellular energy metabolism. In response to reduction of intracellular ATP levels, AMPK activates energy-producing pathways and inhibits energy-consuming processes: inhibits protein, carbohydrate and lipid biosynthesis, as well as cell growth and proliferation. AMPK acts via direct phosphorylation of metabolic enzymes, and by longer-term effects via phosphorylation of transcription regulators. Also acts as a regulator of cellular polarity by remodeling the actin cytoskeleton; probably by indirectly activating myosin. Gamma non-catalytic subunit mediates binding to AMP, ADP and ATP, leading to activate or inhibit AMPK: AMP-binding results in allosteric activation of alpha catalytic subunit (PRKAA1 or PRKAA2) both by inducing phosphorylation and preventing dephosphorylation of catalytic subunits. ADP also stimulates phosphorylation, without stimulating already phosphorylated catalytic subunit. ATP promotes dephosphorylation of catalytic subunit, rendering the AMPK enzyme inactive. {ECO:0000269PubMed:14722619}.

Subcellular Localization

Disease Associations

Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (WPWS) [MIM:194200]: A supernormal conduction disorder characterized by the presence of one or several accessory atrioventricular connections, which can lead to episodes of sporadic tachycardia. {ECO:0000269PubMed:11407343, ECO:0000269PubMed:11748095}. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.Cardiomyopathy, familial hypertrophic 6 (CMH6) [MIM:600858]: A hereditary heart disorder characterized by ventricular hypertrophy, which is usually asymmetric and often involves the interventricular septum. The symptoms include dyspnea, syncope, collapse, palpitations, and chest pain. They can be readily provoked by exercise. The disorder has inter- and intrafamilial variability ranging from benign to malignant forms with high risk of cardiac failure and sudden cardiac death. CMH6 patients present Wolff-Parkinson-White ventricular preexcitation, enlarged myocytes without myofiber disarray, and glycogen- containing cytosolic vacuoles within cardiomyocytes. {ECO:0000269PubMed:11371514, ECO:0000269PubMed:11827995}. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.Glycogen storage disease of heart lethal congenital (GSDH) [MIM:261740]: Rare disease which leads to death within a few weeks to a few months after birth, through heart failure and respiratory compromise. {ECO:0000269PubMed:15877279}. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Tissue Specificity

Isoform B is ubiquitously expressed except in liver and thymus. The highest level is detected in heart with abundant expression in placenta and testis.

Comments

Interactions

Number of Interactions

This gene and/or its encoded proteins are associated with 21 experimentally validated interaction(s) in this database.
They are also associated with 1 interaction(s) predicted by orthology.

Experimentally validated
Total	21 [view]
Protein-Protein	20 [view]
Protein-DNA	0
Protein-RNA	0
DNA-DNA	1 [view]
RNA-RNA	0
DNA-RNA	0

Predicted by orthology
Total	1 [view]

Gene Ontology

Molecular Function

Accession	GO Term
GO:0004679	AMP-activated protein kinase activity
GO:0004862	cAMP-dependent protein kinase inhibitor activity
GO:0005524	ATP binding
GO:0008603	cAMP-dependent protein kinase regulator activity
GO:0008607	phosphorylase kinase regulator activity
GO:0016208	AMP binding
GO:0019901	protein kinase binding
GO:0030295	protein kinase activator activity
GO:0043531	ADP binding

Biological Process

GO:0005977	glycogen metabolic process
GO:0006110	regulation of glycolytic process
GO:0006112	energy reserve metabolic process
GO:0006468	protein phosphorylation
GO:0006469	negative regulation of protein kinase activity
GO:0006633	fatty acid biosynthetic process
GO:0006754	ATP biosynthetic process
GO:0006853	carnitine shuttle
GO:0007050	cell cycle arrest
GO:0008286	insulin receptor signaling pathway
GO:0010800	positive regulation of peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation
GO:0016126	sterol biosynthetic process
GO:0019217	regulation of fatty acid metabolic process
GO:0035556	intracellular signal transduction
GO:0042304	regulation of fatty acid biosynthetic process
GO:0044255	cellular lipid metabolic process
GO:0044281	small molecule metabolic process
GO:0045860	positive regulation of protein kinase activity
GO:0046320	regulation of fatty acid oxidation
GO:0046324	regulation of glucose import
GO:0050790	regulation of catalytic activity
GO:0061024	membrane organization
GO:0071901	negative regulation of protein serine/threonine kinase activity