InnateDB: Systems Biology of the Innate Immune Response

Homo sapiens Protein: HCRT

Summary

InnateDB Protein

IDBP-50474.6

Last Modified

2014-10-13 [Report errors or provide feedback]

Gene Symbol

HCRT

Protein Name

hypocretin (orexin) neuropeptide precursor

Synonyms

NRCLP1; OX; PPOX;

Species

Homo sapiens

Ensembl Protein

ENSP00000293330

InnateDB Gene

IDBG-50472 (HCRT)

Protein Structure

UniProt Annotation

Function

Neuropeptides that play a significant role in the regulation of food intake and sleep-wakefulness, possibly by coordinating the complex behavioral and physiologic responses of these complementary homeostatic functions. A broader role in the homeostatic regulation of energy metabolism, autonomic function, hormonal balance and the regulation of body fluids, is also suggested. Orexin-A binds to both OX1R and OX2R with a high affinity, whereas orexin-B binds only to OX2R with a similar high affinity.

Subcellular Localization

Rough endoplasmic reticulum {ECO:0000250}. Cytoplasmic vesicle {ECO:0000250}. Cell junction, synapse {ECO:0000250}. Note=Associated with perikaryal rough endoplasmic reticulum as well as cytoplasmic large granular vesicles at synapses. {ECO:0000250}.

Disease Associations

Narcolepsy 1 (NRCLP1) [MIM:161400]: Neurological disabling sleep disorder, characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness, sleep fragmentation, symptoms of abnormal rapid-eye- movement (REM) sleep, cataplexy, hypnagogic hallucinations, and sleep paralysis. Cataplexy is a sudden loss of muscle tone triggered by emotions, which is the most valuable clinical feature used to diagnose narcolepsy. Human narcolepsy is primarily a sporadically occurring disorder but familial clustering has been observed. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. Human narcolepsy is associated with a deficient orexin system. Orexins are absent and/or greatly diminished in the brain and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of most narcoleptic patients.

Tissue Specificity

Abundantly expressed in subthalamic nucleus but undetectable in other brain regions tested (hypothalamus was not tested) and in heart, placenta, lung, liver, skeletal muscle, kidney and pancreas.

Comments

Interactions

Number of Interactions

This gene and/or its encoded proteins are associated with 0 experimentally validated interaction(s) in this database.

Gene Ontology

Molecular Function

Accession	GO Term
GO:0031771	type 1 hypocretin receptor binding
GO:0031772	type 2 hypocretin receptor binding

Biological Process

GO:0007200	phospholipase C-activating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway
GO:0007204	positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration
GO:0007205	protein kinase C-activating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway
GO:0007218	neuropeptide signaling pathway
GO:0007268	synaptic transmission
GO:0007631	feeding behavior
GO:0008156	negative regulation of DNA replication
GO:0042755	eating behavior
GO:0043267	negative regulation of potassium ion transport
GO:0046928	regulation of neurotransmitter secretion
GO:0051928	positive regulation of calcium ion transport
GO:0051970	negative regulation of transmission of nerve impulse
GO:0051971	positive regulation of transmission of nerve impulse
GO:0060079	regulation of excitatory postsynaptic membrane potential

Cellular Component

GO:0005576	extracellular region
GO:0005737	cytoplasm
GO:0005791	rough endoplasmic reticulum
GO:0008021	synaptic vesicle
GO:0030054	cell junction
GO:0030141	secretory granule
GO:0048471	perinuclear region of cytoplasm