InnateDB: Systems Biology of the Innate Immune Response

Homo sapiens Protein: POLA1

Summary

InnateDB Protein

IDBP-53121.5

Last Modified

2014-10-13 [Report errors or provide feedback]

Gene Symbol

POLA1

Protein Name

polymerase (DNA directed), alpha 1, catalytic subunit

Synonyms

NSX; p180; POLA;

Species

Homo sapiens

Ensembl Protein

ENSP00000368349

InnateDB Gene

IDBG-53117 (POLA1)

Protein Structure

UniProt Annotation

Function

Plays an essential role in the initiation of DNA replication. During the S phase of the cell cycle, the DNA polymerase alpha complex (composed of a catalytic subunit POLA1/p180, a regulatory subunit POLA2/p70 and two primase subunits PRIM1/p49 and PRIM2/p58) is recruited to DNA at the replicative forks via direct interactions with MCM10 and WDHD1. The primase subunit of the polymerase alpha complex initiates DNA synthesis by oligomerising short RNA primers on both leading and lagging strands. These primers are initially extended by the polymerase alpha catalytic subunit and subsequently transferred to polymerase delta and polymerase epsilon for processive synthesis on the lagging and leading strand, respectively. The reason this transfer occurs is because the polymerase alpha has limited processivity and lacks intrinsic 3' exonuclease activity for proofreading error, and therefore is not well suited for replicating long complexes. {ECO:0000269PubMed:9518481}.

Subcellular Localization

Nucleus.

Disease Associations

Tissue Specificity

Comments

Interactions

Number of Interactions

This gene and/or its encoded proteins are associated with 54 experimentally validated interaction(s) in this database.
They are also associated with 5 interaction(s) predicted by orthology.

Experimentally validated
Total	54 [view]
Protein-Protein	48 [view]
Protein-DNA	3 [view]
Protein-RNA	0
DNA-DNA	3 [view]
RNA-RNA	0
DNA-RNA	0

Predicted by orthology
Total	5 [view]

Gene Ontology

Molecular Function

Accession	GO Term
GO:0000166	nucleotide binding
GO:0001882	nucleoside binding
GO:0003676	nucleic acid binding
GO:0003677	DNA binding
GO:0003682	chromatin binding
GO:0003887	DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity
GO:0003896	DNA primase activity
GO:0005515	protein binding
GO:0008408	3'-5' exonuclease activity
GO:0046872	metal ion binding
GO:0046982	protein heterodimerization activity
GO:0051539	4 iron, 4 sulfur cluster binding

Biological Process

GO:0000082	G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle
GO:0000083	regulation of transcription involved in G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle
GO:0000084	mitotic S phase
GO:0000278	mitotic cell cycle
GO:0000722	telomere maintenance via recombination
GO:0000723	telomere maintenance
GO:0006139	nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process
GO:0006260	DNA replication
GO:0006269	DNA replication, synthesis of RNA primer
GO:0006270	DNA replication initiation
GO:0006271	DNA strand elongation involved in DNA replication
GO:0006272	leading strand elongation
GO:0006273	lagging strand elongation
GO:0006303	double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining
GO:0008283	cell proliferation
GO:0016032	viral process
GO:0019985	translesion synthesis
GO:0032201	telomere maintenance via semi-conservative replication
GO:0090305	nucleic acid phosphodiester bond hydrolysis

Cellular Component

GO:0000785	chromatin
GO:0005634	nucleus
GO:0005635	nuclear envelope
GO:0005654	nucleoplasm
GO:0005658	alpha DNA polymerase:primase complex
GO:0005730	nucleolus
GO:0005737	cytoplasm
GO:0016363	nuclear matrix

Protein Structure and Domains

PDB ID

InterPro

IPR006133 DNA-directed DNA polymerase, family B, exonuclease domain
IPR006134 DNA-directed DNA polymerase, family B, multifunctional domain
IPR006172 DNA-directed DNA polymerase, family B
IPR012337 Ribonuclease H-like domain
IPR015088 Zinc finger, DNA-directed DNA polymerase, family B, alpha
IPR024647 DNA polymerase alpha catalytic subunit, N-terminal domain

PFAM

PF03104
PF00136
PF08996
PF12254

PRINTS

PR00106

PIRSF

SMART

SM00486

TIGRFAMs

Post-translational Modifications

Modification

Cross-References

SwissProt