Version 5.4
Mus musculus Protein: Ffar2
Summary
InnateDB Protein IDBP-626252.2
Last Modified 2014-10-13 [Report errors or provide feedback]
Gene Symbol Ffar2
Protein Name free fatty acid receptor 2
Synonyms
Species Mus musculus
Ensembl Protein ENSMUSP00000127758
InnateDB Gene IDBG-171495 (Ffar2)
Protein Structure
UniProt Annotation
Function G protein-coupled receptor that is activated by a major product of dietary fiber digestion, the short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and that plays a role in the regulation of whole-body energy homeostasis and in intestinal immunity. In omnivorous mammals, the short chain fatty acids acetate, propionate and butyrate are produced primarily by the gut microbiome that metabolizes dietary fibers. SCFAs serve as a source of energy but also act as signaling molecules. That G protein-coupled receptor is probably coupled to the pertussis toxin-sensitive, G(i/o)-alpha family of G proteins but also to the Gq family (PubMed:23589301). Its activation results in the formation of inositol 1,4,5- trisphosphate, the mobilization of intracellular calcium, the phosphorylation of the MAPK3/ERK1 and MAPK1/ERK2 kinases and the inhibition of intracellular cAMP accumulation. May play a role in glucose homeostasis by regulating the secretion of GLP-1, in response to short-chain fatty acids accumulating in the intestine (PubMed:22190648, PubMed:23589301). May also regulate the production of LEP/Leptin, a hormone acting on the central nervous system to inhibit food intake (PubMed:20399779). Finally, may also regulate whole-body energy homeostasis through adipogenesis regulating both differentiation and lipid storage of adipocytes (PubMed:16123168, PubMed:23589301). In parallel to its role in energy homeostasis, may also mediate the activation of the inflammatory and immune responses by SCFA in the intestine, regulating the rapid production of chemokines and cytokines (PubMed:23665276). May also play a role in the resolution of the inflammatory response and control chemotaxis in neutrophils (PubMed:19917676, PubMed:19865172). In addition to SCFAs, may also be activated by the extracellular lectin FCN1 in a process leading to activation of monocytes and inducing the secretion of interleukin-8/IL-8 in response to the presence of microbes. {ECO:0000269PubMed:12684041, ECO:0000269PubMed:16123168, ECO:0000269PubMed:18499755, ECO:0000269PubMed:19865172, ECO:0000269PubMed:19917676, ECO:0000269PubMed:20399779, ECO:0000269PubMed:22190648, ECO:0000269PubMed:23589301, ECO:0000269PubMed:23665276}.
Subcellular Localization Cell membrane {ECO:0000305}; Multi-pass membrane protein {ECO:0000305}.
Disease Associations
Tissue Specificity Highly expressed in hematopoietic tissues, such as spleen and bone marrow, with highest levels in a subset of immune cells, including monocytes or neutrophils. Expressed in adipose tissues with high expression in differentiating adipocytes. Expressed by intestinal endocrine cells. {ECO:0000269PubMed:12393494, ECO:0000269PubMed:16123168, ECO:0000269PubMed:22190648}.
Comments
Interactions
Number of Interactions This gene and/or its encoded proteins are associated with 0 experimentally validated interaction(s) in this database.
They are also associated with 2 interaction(s) predicted by orthology.
Predicted by orthology
Total 2 [view]
Gene Ontology

Molecular Function
Accession GO Term
GO:0004930 G-protein coupled receptor activity
GO:0008289 lipid binding
Biological Process
GO:0007186 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway
Cellular Component
GO:0005886 plasma membrane
GO:0016021 integral component of membrane
GO:0042995 cell projection
Protein Structure and Domains
PDB ID MGI:2441731
InterPro IPR000276 G protein-coupled receptor, rhodopsin-like
IPR013312 G protein-coupled receptor 40-related receptor
IPR017452 GPCR, rhodopsin-like, 7TM
IPR019426 7TM GPCR, serpentine receptor class v (Srv)
PFAM PF00001
PF10323
PRINTS PR00237
PR01904
PIRSF
SMART
TIGRFAMs
Post-translational Modifications
Modification
Cross-References
SwissProt Q8VCK6
PhosphoSite PhosphoSite-Q8VCK6
TrEMBL
UniProt Splice Variant
Entrez Gene 233079
UniGene Mm.97338
RefSeq NP_001161984
MGI ID
MGI Symbol Ffar2
OMIM
CCDS CCDS21111
HPRD
IMGT
EMBL AF545043 AK078861 BC019570
GenPept AAH19570 AAO16236 BAC37425

If you use InnateDB for your research, please cite the following publication:

Breuer et al., InnateDB: systems biology of innate immunity and beyond - recent updates and continuing curation. Nucl. Acids Res. (2013) 41 (D1) 

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Funding is currently provided by Allergen and EMBL Australia. Previous funding has been provided by Genome Canada, the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health through the Grand Challenges in Global Health initiative and by Teagasc. InnateDB curated interactions are licensed under the Design Science License. All other data is licensed under the terms of the originating database. Contact: innatedb-mail@sfu.ca