InnateDB: Systems Biology of the Innate Immune Response

Homo sapiens Protein: GPC1

Summary

InnateDB Protein

IDBP-84687.6

Last Modified

2014-10-13 [Report errors or provide feedback]

Gene Symbol

GPC1

Protein Name

glypican 1

Synonyms

glypican;

Species

Homo sapiens

Ensembl Protein

ENSP00000264039

InnateDB Gene

IDBG-84685 (GPC1)

Protein Structure

UniProt Annotation

Function

Cell surface proteoglycan that bears heparan sulfate. Binds, via the heparan sulfate side chains, alpha-4 (V) collagen and participates in Schwann cell myelination (By similarity). May act as a catalyst in increasing the rate of conversion of prion protein PRPN(C) to PRNP(Sc) via associating (via the heparan sulfate side chains) with both forms of PRPN, targeting them to lipid rafts and facilitating their interaction. Required for proper skeletal muscle differentiation by sequestering FGF2 in lipid rafts preventing its binding to receptors (FGFRs) and inhibiting the FGF-mediated signaling. {ECO:0000250, ECO:0000269PubMed:19936054, ECO:0000269PubMed:21642435}.

Subcellular Localization

Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor, GPI-anchor; Extracellular side. Endosome. Note=S-nitrosylated form recycled in endosomes. Localizes to CAV1-containing vesicles close to the cell surface. Cleavage of heparan sulfate side chains takes place mainly in late endosomes. Associates with both forms of PRNP in lipid rafts. Colocalizes with APP in perinuclear compartments and with CP in intracellular compartments. Associates with fibrillar APP Abeta peptides in lipid rafts in Alzheimer disease brains.Secreted glypican-1: Secreted, extracellular space.

Disease Associations

Note=Associates (via the heparan sulfate side chains) with fibrillar APP-beta amyloid peptides in primitive and classic amyloid plaques and may be involved in the deposition of these senile plaques in the Alzheimer disease (AD) brain.Note=Misprocessing of GPC1 is found in fibroblasts of patients with Niemann-Pick Type C1 disease. This is due to the defective deaminative degradation of heparan sulfate chains.

Tissue Specificity

Comments

Interactions

Number of Interactions

This gene and/or its encoded proteins are associated with 7 experimentally validated interaction(s) in this database.

Experimentally validated
Total	7 [view]
Protein-Protein	7 [view]
Protein-DNA	0
Protein-RNA	0
DNA-DNA	0
RNA-RNA	0
DNA-RNA	0

Gene Ontology

Molecular Function

Accession	GO Term
GO:0005507	copper ion binding
GO:0017134	fibroblast growth factor binding
GO:0043236	laminin binding
GO:0043395	heparan sulfate proteoglycan binding

Biological Process

GO:0001523	retinoid metabolic process
GO:0005975	carbohydrate metabolic process
GO:0006024	glycosaminoglycan biosynthetic process
GO:0006027	glycosaminoglycan catabolic process
GO:0007411	axon guidance
GO:0007603	phototransduction, visible light
GO:0014037	Schwann cell differentiation
GO:0030200	heparan sulfate proteoglycan catabolic process
GO:0030203	glycosaminoglycan metabolic process
GO:0030204	chondroitin sulfate metabolic process
GO:0032288	myelin assembly
GO:0040037	negative regulation of fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway
GO:0044281	small molecule metabolic process
GO:2001016	positive regulation of skeletal muscle cell differentiation

Cellular Component

GO:0005578	proteinaceous extracellular matrix
GO:0005615	extracellular space
GO:0005768	endosome
GO:0005796	Golgi lumen
GO:0005886	plasma membrane
GO:0005887	integral component of plasma membrane
GO:0016020	membrane
GO:0031225	anchored component of membrane
GO:0043202	lysosomal lumen
GO:0045121	membrane raft
GO:0070062	extracellular vesicular exosome