InnateDB: Systems Biology of the Innate Immune Response

Homo sapiens Protein: PLG

Summary

InnateDB Protein

IDBP-98753.5

Last Modified

2014-10-13 [Report errors or provide feedback]

Gene Symbol

PLG

Protein Name

plasminogen

Synonyms

Species

Homo sapiens

Ensembl Protein

ENSP00000308938

InnateDB Gene

IDBG-98749 (PLG)

Protein Structure

UniProt Annotation

Function

Plasmin dissolves the fibrin of blood clots and acts as a proteolytic factor in a variety of other processes including embryonic development, tissue remodeling, tumor invasion, and inflammation. In ovulation, weakens the walls of the Graafian follicle. It activates the urokinase-type plasminogen activator, collagenases and several complement zymogens, such as C1 and C5. Cleavage of fibronectin and laminin leads to cell detachment and apoptosis. Also cleaves fibrin, thrombospondin and von Willebrand factor. Its role in tissue remodeling and tumor invasion may be modulated by CSPG4. Binds to cells. {ECO:0000269PubMed:14699093}.Angiostatin is an angiogenesis inhibitor that blocks neovascularization and growth of experimental primary and metastatic tumors in vivo. {ECO:0000269PubMed:14699093}.

Subcellular Localization

Secreted {ECO:0000269PubMed:10077593, ECO:0000269PubMed:14699093}. Note=Locates to the cell surface where it is proteolytically cleaved to produce the active plasmin. Interaction with HRG tethers it to the cell surface.

Disease Associations

Plasminogen deficiency (PLGD) [MIM:217090]: A disorder characterized by decreased serum plasminogen activity. Two forms of the disorder are distinguished: type 1 deficiency is additionally characterized by decreased plasminogen antigen levels and clinical symptoms, whereas type 2 deficiency, also known as dysplasminogenemia, is characterized by normal, or slightly reduced antigen levels, and absence of clinical manifestations. Plasminogen deficiency type 1 results in markedly impaired extracellular fibrinolysis and chronic mucosal pseudomembranous lesions due to subepithelial fibrin deposition and inflammation. The most common clinical manifestation of type 1 deficiency is ligneous conjunctivitis in which pseudomembranes formation on the palpebral surfaces of the eye progresses to white, yellow-white, or red thick masses with a wood-like consistency that replace the normal mucosa. {ECO:0000269PubMed:10233898, ECO:0000269PubMed:1427790, ECO:0000269PubMed:1986355, ECO:0000269PubMed:6216475, ECO:0000269PubMed:6238949, ECO:0000269PubMed:8392398, ECO:0000269PubMed:9242524, ECO:0000269PubMed:9858247}. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Tissue Specificity

Present in plasma and many other extracellular fluids. It is synthesized in the liver.

Comments

Interactions

Number of Interactions

This gene and/or its encoded proteins are associated with 46 experimentally validated interaction(s) in this database.
They are also associated with 3 interaction(s) predicted by orthology.

Experimentally validated
Total	46 [view]
Protein-Protein	45 [view]
Protein-DNA	1 [view]
Protein-RNA	0
DNA-DNA	0
RNA-RNA	0
DNA-RNA	0

Predicted by orthology
Total	3 [view]

Gene Ontology

Molecular Function

Accession	GO Term
GO:0003824	catalytic activity
GO:0004252	serine-type endopeptidase activity
GO:0005515	protein binding
GO:0008236	serine-type peptidase activity
GO:0019904	protein domain specific binding
GO:0034185	apolipoprotein binding

Biological Process

GO:0002576	platelet degranulation
GO:0006508	proteolysis
GO:0007596	blood coagulation
GO:0008285	negative regulation of cell proliferation
GO:0010812	negative regulation of cell-substrate adhesion
GO:0022617	extracellular matrix disassembly
GO:0030168	platelet activation
GO:0030198	extracellular matrix organization
GO:0042730	fibrinolysis
GO:0044267	cellular protein metabolic process
GO:0045087	innate immune response (InnateDB)
GO:0048771	tissue remodeling
GO:0051918	negative regulation of fibrinolysis
GO:0051919	positive regulation of fibrinolysis
GO:2000048	negative regulation of cell-cell adhesion mediated by cadherin

Cellular Component

GO:0005576	extracellular region
GO:0005615	extracellular space
GO:0005886	plasma membrane
GO:0009986	cell surface
GO:0031093	platelet alpha granule lumen
GO:0031232	extrinsic component of external side of plasma membrane
GO:0070062	extracellular vesicular exosome
GO:0072562	blood microparticle

Protein Structure and Domains

PDB ID

InterPro

IPR000001 Kringle
IPR001254 Peptidase S1
IPR001314 Peptidase S1A, chymotrypsin-type
IPR003014 PAN-1 domain
IPR003609 Apple-like
IPR009003 Trypsin-like cysteine/serine peptidase domain
IPR013806 Kringle-like fold
IPR015420 Peptidase S1A, nudel
IPR023317 Peptidase S1A, plasmin

PFAM

PF00051
PF00089
PF00024
PF09342

PRINTS

PR00722

PIRSF

PIRSF001150

SMART

SM00130
SM00020
SM00473

TIGRFAMs

Post-translational Modifications

Modification

Cross-References