InnateDB: Systems Biology of the Innate Immune Response

Homo sapiens Protein: AZU1

Summary

InnateDB Protein

IDBP-13016.6

Last Modified

2014-10-13 [Report errors or provide feedback]

Gene Symbol

AZU1

Protein Name

azurocidin 1

Synonyms

AZAMP; AZU; CAP37; HBP; HUMAZUR; NAZC;

Species

Homo sapiens

Ensembl Protein

ENSP00000233997

InnateDB Gene

IDBG-13012 (AZU1)

Protein Structure

UniProt Annotation

Function

This is a neutrophil granule-derived antibacterial and monocyte- and fibroblast-specific chemotactic glycoprotein. Binds heparin. The cytotoxic action is limited to many species of Gram- negative bacteria; this specificity may be explained by a strong affinity of the very basic N-terminal half for the negatively charged lipopolysaccharides that are unique to the Gram-negative bacterial outer envelope. It may play a role in mediating recruitment of monocytes in the second wave of inflammation. Has antibacterial activity against the Gram-nagative bacterium P.aeruginosa, this activity is inhibited by LPS from P.aeruginosa. Acting alone, it does not have antimicrobial activity against the Gram-negative bacteria A.actinomycetemcomitans ATCC 29532, A.actinomycetemcomitans NCTC 9709, A.actinomycetemcomitans FDC-Y4, H.aphrophilus ATCC 13252, E.corrodens ATCC 23834, C.sputigena ATCC 33123, Capnocytophaga sp ATCC 33124, Capnocytophaga sp ATCC 27872 or E.coli ML-35. Has antibacterial activity against C.sputigena ATCC 33123 when acting synergistically with either elastase or cathepsin G. {ECO:0000269PubMed:1399008, ECO:0000269PubMed:1937776}.

Subcellular Localization

Cytoplasmic granule. Note=Cytoplasmic granules of neutrophils.

Disease Associations

Tissue Specificity

Comments

Interactions

Number of Interactions

This gene and/or its encoded proteins are associated with 7 experimentally validated interaction(s) in this database.

Experimentally validated
Total	7 [view]
Protein-Protein	7 [view]
Protein-DNA	0
Protein-RNA	0
DNA-DNA	0
RNA-RNA	0
DNA-RNA	0

Gene Ontology

Molecular Function

Accession	GO Term
GO:0003824	catalytic activity
GO:0004252	serine-type endopeptidase activity
GO:0008201	heparin binding
GO:0015643	toxic substance binding

Biological Process

GO:0001774	microglial cell activation
GO:0006508	proteolysis
GO:0006954	inflammatory response
GO:0007205	protein kinase C-activating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway
GO:0008347	glial cell migration
GO:0042117	monocyte activation
GO:0042535	positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor biosynthetic process
GO:0043066	negative regulation of apoptotic process
GO:0043114	regulation of vascular permeability
GO:0045123	cellular extravasation
GO:0045348	positive regulation of MHC class II biosynthetic process
GO:0045785	positive regulation of cell adhesion
GO:0048246	macrophage chemotaxis
GO:0050725	positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta biosynthetic process
GO:0050754	positive regulation of fractalkine biosynthetic process
GO:0050766	positive regulation of phagocytosis
GO:0050829	defense response to Gram-negative bacterium
GO:0050930	induction of positive chemotaxis