InnateDB: Systems Biology of the Innate Immune Response

Homo sapiens Protein: ALOX15

Summary

InnateDB Protein

IDBP-19078.6

Last Modified

2014-10-13 [Report errors or provide feedback]

Gene Symbol

ALOX15

Protein Name

arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase

Synonyms

12-LOX; 15-LOX-1; 15LOX-1;

Species

Homo sapiens

Ensembl Protein

ENSP00000293761

InnateDB Gene

IDBG-19074 (ALOX15)

Protein Structure

UniProt Annotation

Function

Non-heme iron-containing dioxygenase that catalyzes the stereo-specific peroxidation of free and esterified polyunsaturated fatty acids generating a spectrum of bioactive lipid mediators. Converts arachidonic acid into 12- hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid/12-HPETE and 15- hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid/15-HPETE. Also converts linoleic acid to 13-hydroperoxyoctadecadienoic acid. May also act on (12S)- hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid/(12S)-HPETE to produce hepoxilin A3. Probably plays an important role in the immune and inflammatory responses. Through the oxygenation of membrane-bound phosphatidylethanolamine in macrophages may favor clearance of apoptotic cells during inflammation by resident macrophages and prevent an autoimmune response associated with the clearance of apoptotic cells by inflammatory monocytes. In parallel, may regulate actin polymerization which is crucial for several biological processes, including macrophage function. May also regulate macrophage function through regulation of the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor signaling pathway. Finally, it is also involved in the cellular response to IL13/interleukin-13. In addition to its role in the immune and inflammatory responses, may play a role in epithelial wound healing in the cornea maybe through production of lipoxin A4. May also play a role in endoplasmic reticulum stress response and the regulation of bone mass. {ECO:0000269PubMed:17052953, ECO:0000269PubMed:21831839}.

Subcellular Localization

Cytoplasm, cytosol. Cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. Lipid droplet. Note=Predominantly cytosolic; becomes enriched at membranes upon calcium binding. Translocates from the cytosol to the plasma membrane when stimulated by IL13/interleukin-13 and in macrophages binding apoptotic cells.

Disease Associations

Note=Disease susceptibility may be associated with variations affecting the gene represented in this entry. Met at position 560 may confer interindividual susceptibility to coronary artery disease (CAD) (PubMed:17959182). {ECO:0000269PubMed:17959182}.

Tissue Specificity

Detected in monocytes and eosinophils (at protein level). Expressed in airway epithelial cells. {ECO:0000269PubMed:21831839, ECO:0000269PubMed:9414270}.

Comments

Interactions

Number of Interactions

This gene and/or its encoded proteins are associated with 4 experimentally validated interaction(s) in this database.

Experimentally validated
Total	4 [view]
Protein-Protein	3 [view]
Protein-DNA	1 [view]
Protein-RNA	0
DNA-DNA	0
RNA-RNA	0
DNA-RNA	0

Gene Ontology

Molecular Function

Accession	GO Term
GO:0004052	arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase activity
GO:0005506	iron ion binding
GO:0005515	protein binding
GO:0005546	phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate binding
GO:0016702	oxidoreductase activity, acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen, incorporation of two atoms of oxygen
GO:0046872	metal ion binding
GO:0050473	arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase activity
GO:0097260	eoxin A4 synthase activity

Biological Process

GO:0001503	ossification
GO:0002820	negative regulation of adaptive immune response
GO:0006646	phosphatidylethanolamine biosynthetic process
GO:0006691	leukotriene metabolic process
GO:0006954	inflammatory response
GO:0010811	positive regulation of cell-substrate adhesion
GO:0019369	arachidonic acid metabolic process
GO:0019372	lipoxygenase pathway
GO:0030282	bone mineralization
GO:0030838	positive regulation of actin filament polymerization
GO:0034976	response to endoplasmic reticulum stress
GO:0035358	regulation of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor signaling pathway
GO:0035963	cellular response to interleukin-13
GO:0042060	wound healing
GO:0043277	apoptotic cell clearance
GO:0044281	small molecule metabolic process
GO:0051122	hepoxilin biosynthetic process
GO:0055114	oxidation-reduction process
GO:0070374	positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade
GO:0071277	cellular response to calcium ion
GO:1901074	regulation of engulfment of apoptotic cell
GO:2001303	lipoxin A4 biosynthetic process

Cellular Component

GO:0005811	lipid particle
GO:0005829	cytosol
GO:0005886	plasma membrane
GO:0016020	membrane
GO:0031234	extrinsic component of cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane