InnateDB: Systems Biology of the Innate Immune Response

Homo sapiens Protein: RAD21

Summary

InnateDB Protein

IDBP-33419.6

Last Modified

2014-10-13 [Report errors or provide feedback]

Gene Symbol

RAD21

Protein Name

RAD21 homolog (S. pombe)

Synonyms

CDLS4; hHR21; HR21; HRAD21; MCD1; NXP1; SCC1;

Species

Homo sapiens

Ensembl Protein

ENSP00000297338

InnateDB Gene

IDBG-33417 (RAD21)

Protein Structure

UniProt Annotation

Function

Cleavable component of the cohesin complex, involved in chromosome cohesion during cell cycle, in DNA repair, and in apoptosis. The cohesin complex is required for the cohesion of sister chromatids after DNA replication. The cohesin complex apparently forms a large proteinaceous ring within which sister chromatids can be trapped. At metaphase-anaphase transition, this protein is cleaved by separase/ESPL1 and dissociates from chromatin, allowing sister chromatids to segregate. The cohesin complex may also play a role in spindle pole assembly during mitosis. Also plays a role in apoptosis, via its cleavage by caspase-3/CASP3 or caspase-7/CASP7 during early steps of apoptosis: the C-terminal 64 kDa cleavage product may act as a nuclear signal to initiate cytoplasmic events involved in the apoptotic pathway. {ECO:0000269PubMed:11875078, ECO:0000269PubMed:12417729}.

Subcellular Localization

Nucleus. Chromosome. Chromosome, centromere. Note=Associates with chromatin. Before prophase it is scattered along chromosome arms. During prophase, most of cohesin complexes dissociate from chromatin probably because of phosphorylation by PLK, except at centromeres, where cohesin complexes remain. At anaphase, it is cleaved by separase/ESPL1, leading to the dissociation of the complex from chromosomes, allowing chromosome separation. Once cleaved by caspase-3, the C-terminal 64 kDa cleavage product translocates to the cytoplasm, where it may trigger apoptosis.

Disease Associations

Cornelia de Lange syndrome 4 (CDLS4) [MIM:614701]: A form of Cornelia de Lange syndrome, a clinically heterogeneous developmental disorder associated with malformations affecting multiple systems. It is characterized by facial dysmorphisms, abnormal hands and feet, growth delay, cognitive retardation, hirsutism, gastroesophageal dysfunction and cardiac, ophthalmologic and genitourinary anomalies. {ECO:0000269PubMed:22633399}. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Tissue Specificity

Comments

Interactions

Number of Interactions

This gene and/or its encoded proteins are associated with 301 experimentally validated interaction(s) in this database.
They are also associated with 8 interaction(s) predicted by orthology.

Experimentally validated
Total	301 [view]
Protein-Protein	300 [view]
Protein-DNA	0
Protein-RNA	0
DNA-DNA	1 [view]
RNA-RNA	0
DNA-RNA	0

Predicted by orthology
Total	8 [view]

Gene Ontology

Molecular Function

Accession	GO Term
GO:0005515	protein binding

Biological Process

GO:0000278	mitotic cell cycle
GO:0006302	double-strand break repair
GO:0006310	DNA recombination
GO:0006357	regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
GO:0006915	apoptotic process
GO:0007059	chromosome segregation
GO:0007067	mitotic nuclear division
GO:0007131	reciprocal meiotic recombination
GO:0045087	innate immune response (InnateDB)
GO:0071168	protein localization to chromatin

Cellular Component

GO:0000228	nuclear chromosome
GO:0000775	chromosome, centromeric region
GO:0005634	nucleus
GO:0005654	nucleoplasm
GO:0005694	chromosome
GO:0005829	cytosol
GO:0008278	cohesin complex
GO:0016020	membrane
GO:0034991	nuclear meiotic cohesin complex

Protein Structure and Domains

PDB ID

InterPro

IPR003768 Prokaryotic chromosome segregation/condensation protein ScpA
IPR006909 Rad21/Rec8-like protein, C-terminal, eukaryotic
IPR006910 Rad21/Rec8-like protein, N-terminal

PFAM

PF02616
PF04824
PF04825

PRINTS

PIRSF

SMART

TIGRFAMs

Post-translational Modifications

Modification

Cross-References

SwissProt

O60216

PhosphoSite