InnateDB: Systems Biology of the Innate Immune Response

Homo sapiens Protein: SLC3A2

Summary

InnateDB Protein

IDBP-52060.5

Last Modified

2014-10-13 [Report errors or provide feedback]

Gene Symbol

SLC3A2

Protein Name

solute carrier family 3 (activators of dibasic and neutral amino acid transport), member 2

Synonyms

4F2; 4F2HC; 4T2HC; CD98; CD98HC; MDU1; NACAE;

Species

Homo sapiens

Ensembl Protein

ENSP00000340815

InnateDB Gene

IDBG-52050 (SLC3A2)

Protein Structure

UniProt Annotation

Function

Required for the function of light chain amino-acid transporters. Involved in sodium-independent, high-affinity transport of large neutral amino acids such as phenylalanine, tyrosine, leucine, arginine and tryptophan. Involved in guiding and targeting of LAT1 and LAT2 to the plasma membrane. When associated with SLC7A6 or SLC7A7 acts as an arginine/glutamine exchanger, following an antiport mechanism for amino acid transport, influencing arginine release in exchange for extracellular amino acids. Plays a role in nitric oxide synthesis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) via transport of L-arginine. Required for normal and neoplastic cell growth. When associated with SLC7A5/LAT1, is also involved in the transport of L-DOPA across the blood-brain barrier, and that of thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) across the cell membrane in tissues such as placenta. Involved in the uptake of methylmercury (MeHg) when administered as the L-cysteine or D,L-homocysteine complexes, and hence plays a role in metal ion homeostasis and toxicity. When associated with SLC7A5 or SLC7A8, involved in the cellular activity of small molecular weight nitrosothiols, via the stereoselective transport of L- nitrosocysteine (L-CNSO) across the transmembrane. Together with ICAM1, regulates the transport activity LAT2 in polarized intestinal cells, by generating and delivering intracellular signals. When associated with SLC7A5, plays an important role in transporting L-leucine from the circulating blood to the retina across the inner blood-retinal barrier. {ECO:0000269PubMed:10903140, ECO:0000269PubMed:11311135, ECO:0000269PubMed:11389679, ECO:0000269PubMed:11557028, ECO:0000269PubMed:11564694, ECO:0000269PubMed:11742812, ECO:0000269PubMed:12117417, ECO:0000269PubMed:12225859, ECO:0000269PubMed:12716892, ECO:0000269PubMed:14603368, ECO:0000269PubMed:15769744, ECO:0000269PubMed:15980244, ECO:0000269PubMed:9751058, ECO:0000269PubMed:9829974, ECO:0000269PubMed:9878049}.

Subcellular Localization

Apical cell membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein. Melanosome. Note=Identified by mass spectrometry in melanosome fractions from stage I to stage IV. Localized to the plasma membrane when associated with SLC7A5 or SLC7A8. Localized to the placental apical membrane. Located selectively at cell-cell adhesion sites (By similarity). Colocalized with SLC7A8/LAT2 at the basolateral membrane of kidney proximal tubules and small intestine epithelia. Expressed in both luminal and abluminal membranes of brain capillary endothelial cells (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.

Disease Associations

Tissue Specificity

Expressed ubiquitously in all tissues tested with highest levels detected in kidney, placenta and testis and weakest level in thymus. During gestation, expression in the placenta was significantly stronger at full-term than at the mid- trimester stage. Expressed in HUVECS and at low levels in resting peripheral blood T-lymphocytes and quiescent fibroblasts. Also expressed in fetal liver and in the astrocytic process of primary astrocytic gliomas. Expressed in retinal endothelial cells and in the intestinal epithelial cell line C2BBe1. {ECO:0000269PubMed:11389679, ECO:0000269PubMed:11557028, ECO:0000269PubMed:11742812, ECO:0000269PubMed:12716892, ECO:0000269PubMed:14603368, ECO:0000269PubMed:15980244, ECO:0000269PubMed:16496379, ECO:0000269PubMed:3265470, ECO:0000269PubMed:3480538}.

Comments

Interactions

Number of Interactions

This gene and/or its encoded proteins are associated with 43 experimentally validated interaction(s) in this database.
They are also associated with 1 interaction(s) predicted by orthology.

Experimentally validated
Total	43 [view]
Protein-Protein	41 [view]
Protein-DNA	2 [view]
Protein-RNA	0
DNA-DNA	0
RNA-RNA	0
DNA-RNA	0

Predicted by orthology
Total	1 [view]

Gene Ontology

Molecular Function

Accession	GO Term
GO:0003725	double-stranded RNA binding
GO:0003824	catalytic activity
GO:0005432	calcium:sodium antiporter activity
GO:0005515	protein binding
GO:0015175	neutral amino acid transmembrane transporter activity
GO:0043169	cation binding
GO:0044822	poly(A) RNA binding

Biological Process

GO:0005975	carbohydrate metabolic process
GO:0006811	ion transport
GO:0006816	calcium ion transport
GO:0006865	amino acid transport
GO:0007596	blood coagulation
GO:0008152	metabolic process
GO:0015827	tryptophan transport
GO:0016049	cell growth
GO:0035725	sodium ion transmembrane transport
GO:0043330	response to exogenous dsRNA
GO:0050900	leukocyte migration
GO:0055085	transmembrane transport
GO:0060356	leucine import

Cellular Component

GO:0005634	nucleus
GO:0005737	cytoplasm
GO:0005886	plasma membrane
GO:0016020	membrane
GO:0016021	integral component of membrane
GO:0016324	apical plasma membrane
GO:0030054	cell junction
GO:0042470	melanosome
GO:0070062	extracellular vesicular exosome

Protein Structure and Domains

PDB ID

InterPro

IPR006047 Glycosyl hydrolase, family 13, catalytic domain
IPR006589 Glycosyl hydrolase, family 13, subfamily, catalytic domain
IPR017853 Glycoside hydrolase, superfamily

PFAM

PF00128

PRINTS

PIRSF

SMART

SM00642

TIGRFAMs

Post-translational Modifications

Modification

Cross-References

SwissProt

P08195