InnateDB: Systems Biology of the Innate Immune Response

Mus musculus Protein: Ggt1

Summary

InnateDB Protein

IDBP-538058.3

Last Modified

2014-10-13 [Report errors or provide feedback]

Gene Symbol

Ggt1

Protein Name

gamma-glutamyltransferase 1

Synonyms

CD224; dwg; GGT; GGT 1; GGT-1; Ggtp;

Species

Mus musculus

Ensembl Protein

ENSMUSP00000121312

InnateDB Gene

IDBG-162897 (Ggt1)

Protein Structure

UniProt Annotation

Function

Cleaves the gamma-glutamyl bond of extracellular glutathione (gamma-Glu-Cys-Gly), glutathione conjugates, and other gamma-glutamyl compounds. The metabolism of glutathione releases free glutamate and the dipeptide, cysteinyl-glycine, which is hydrolyzed to cysteine and glycine by dipeptidases. In the presence of high concentrations of dipeptides and some amino acids, can also catalyze a transpeptidation reaction, transferring the gamma-glutamyl moiety to an acceptor amino acid to form a new gamma-glutamyl compound. Initiates extracellular glutathione (GSH) breakdown, provides cells with a local cysteine supply and contributes to maintain intracellular GSH level. It is part of the cell antioxidant defense mechanism. Indirectly regulates multiple aspects of skeletal biology. {ECO:0000269PubMed:12810527}.

Subcellular Localization

Cell membrane {ECO:0000250}; Single-pass type II membrane protein {ECO:0000250}.

Disease Associations

Note=Defects in Ggt1 are a cause of glutathionuria, severe growth failure, reduced life spans and infertility. Ggt1- deficient mice have multiple metabolic abnormalities and are dwarf. Some abnormalities can be ameliorated by N-acetylcysteine treatment. {ECO:0000269PubMed:12810527, ECO:0000269PubMed:9139708}.

Tissue Specificity

Comments

Interactions

Number of Interactions

This gene and/or its encoded proteins are associated with 2 experimentally validated interaction(s) in this database.
They are also associated with 1 interaction(s) predicted by orthology.

Experimentally validated
Total	2 [view]
Protein-Protein	2 [view]
Protein-DNA	0
Protein-RNA	0
DNA-DNA	0
RNA-RNA	0
DNA-RNA	0

Predicted by orthology
Total	1 [view]

Gene Ontology

Molecular Function

Accession	GO Term
GO:0003840	gamma-glutamyltransferase activity
GO:0036374	glutathione hydrolase activity

Biological Process

GO:0002682	regulation of immune system process
GO:0006508	proteolysis
GO:0006536	glutamate metabolic process
GO:0006749	glutathione metabolic process
GO:0006750	glutathione biosynthetic process
GO:0006751	glutathione catabolic process
GO:0007283	spermatogenesis
GO:0019344	cysteine biosynthetic process
GO:0031638	zymogen activation
GO:0050727	regulation of inflammatory response
GO:0060427	lung connective tissue development
GO:0071260	cellular response to mechanical stimulus