InnateDB: Systems Biology of the Innate Immune Response

Homo sapiens Protein: APEX2

Summary

InnateDB Protein

IDBP-72024.6

Last Modified

2014-10-13 [Report errors or provide feedback]

Gene Symbol

APEX2

Protein Name

APEX nuclease (apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease) 2

Synonyms

Species

Homo sapiens

Ensembl Protein

ENSP00000364126

InnateDB Gene

IDBG-72022 (APEX2)

Protein Structure

UniProt Annotation

Function

Function as a weak apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) endodeoxyribonuclease in the DNA base excision repair (BER) pathway of DNA lesions induced by oxidative and alkylating agents. Initiates repair of AP sites in DNA by catalyzing hydrolytic incision of the phosphodiester backbone immediately adjacent to the damage, generating a single-strand break with 5'-deoxyribose phosphate and 3'-hydroxyl ends. Displays also double-stranded DNA 3'-5' exonuclease, 3'-phosphodiesterase activities. Shows robust 3'-5' exonuclease activity on 3'-recessed heteroduplex DNA and is able to remove mismatched nucleotides preferentially. Shows fairly strong 3'-phosphodiesterase activity involved in the removal of 3'-damaged termini formed in DNA by oxidative agents. In the nucleus functions in the PCNA-dependent BER pathway. Required for somatic hypermutation (SHM) and DNA cleavage step of class switch recombination (CSR) of immunoglobulin genes. Required for proper cell cycle progression during proliferation of peripheral lymphocytes. {ECO:0000269PubMed:11376153, ECO:0000269PubMed:16687656, ECO:0000269PubMed:19443450}.

Subcellular Localization

Nucleus. Cytoplasm. Mitochondrion {ECO:0000305}. Note=Together with PCNA, is redistributed in discrete nuclear foci in presence of oxidative DNA damaging agents.

Disease Associations

Tissue Specificity

Highly expressed in brain and kidney. Weakly expressed in the fetal brain. {ECO:0000269PubMed:11376153}.

Comments

Interactions

Number of Interactions

This gene and/or its encoded proteins are associated with 14 experimentally validated interaction(s) in this database.

Experimentally validated
Total	14 [view]
Protein-Protein	14 [view]
Protein-DNA	0
Protein-RNA	0
DNA-DNA	0
RNA-RNA	0
DNA-RNA	0

Gene Ontology

Molecular Function

Accession	GO Term
GO:0003677	DNA binding
GO:0003906	DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) lyase activity
GO:0004518	nuclease activity
GO:0008270	zinc ion binding
GO:0008311	double-stranded DNA 3'-5' exodeoxyribonuclease activity

Biological Process

GO:0000737	DNA catabolic process, endonucleolytic
GO:0000738	DNA catabolic process, exonucleolytic
GO:0006281	DNA repair
GO:0006284	base-excision repair
GO:0006310	DNA recombination
GO:0007049	cell cycle