Version 5.4
Homo sapiens Gene: GRM4
Summary
InnateDB Gene IDBG-83286.6
Last Modified 2014-10-13 [Report errors or provide feedback]
Gene Symbol GRM4
Gene Name glutamate receptor, metabotropic 4
Synonyms GPRC1D; mGlu4; MGLUR4
Species Homo sapiens
Ensembl Gene ENSG00000124493
Encoded Proteins
IDBP-83288
glutamate receptor, metabotropic 4
IDBP-83290
glutamate receptor, metabotropic 4
IDBP-375995
glutamate receptor, metabotropic 4
IDBP-600625
glutamate receptor, metabotropic 4
IDBP-591271
glutamate receptor, metabotropic 4
IDBP-599371
glutamate receptor, metabotropic 4
IDBP-807087
glutamate receptor, metabotropic 4
IDBP-807095
glutamate receptor, metabotropic 4
IDBP-807098
glutamate receptor, metabotropic 4
Protein Structure
Useful resources Stemformatics EHFPI ImmGen
Entrez Gene
Summary L-glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system and activates both ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors. Glutamatergic neurotransmission is involved in most aspects of normal brain function and can be perturbed in many neuropathologic conditions. The metabotropic glutamate receptors are a family of G protein-coupled receptors, that have been divided into 3 groups on the basis of sequence homology, putative signal transduction mechanisms, and pharmacologic properties. Group I includes GRM1 and GRM5 and these receptors have been shown to activate phospholipase C. Group II includes GRM2 and GRM3 while Group III includes GRM4, GRM6, GRM7 and GRM8. Group II and III receptors are linked to the inhibition of the cyclic AMP cascade but differ in their agonist selectivities. Several transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2012]
Gene Information
Type Protein coding
Genomic Location Chromosome 6:34018645-34155622
Strand Reverse strand
Band p21.31
Transcripts
ENST00000374181 ENSP00000363296
ENST00000374177 ENSP00000363292
ENST00000455714 ENSP00000398456
ENST00000538487 ENSP00000440556
ENST00000544773 ENSP00000437730
ENST00000535756 ENSP00000437925
ENST00000545715
ENST00000609222 ENSP00000477466
ENST00000609860
ENST00000609278 ENSP00000477016
ENST00000609443 ENSP00000476561
ENST00000609915
ENST00000609973
ENST00000607916
Interactions
Number of Interactions This gene and/or its encoded proteins are associated with 0 experimentally validated interaction(s) in this database.
They are also associated with 1 interaction(s) predicted by orthology.
Predicted by orthology
Total 1 [view]
Gene Ontology

Molecular Function
Accession GO Term
GO:0001642 group III metabotropic glutamate receptor activity
GO:0004930 G-protein coupled receptor activity
GO:0005516 calmodulin binding
GO:0008066 glutamate receptor activity
GO:0048306 calcium-dependent protein binding
Biological Process
GO:0000187 activation of MAPK activity
GO:0007186 G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway
GO:0007196 adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G-protein coupled glutamate receptor signaling pathway
GO:0007268 synaptic transmission
GO:0007269 neurotransmitter secretion
GO:0007612 learning
GO:0043410 positive regulation of MAPK cascade
GO:0043523 regulation of neuron apoptotic process
GO:0051966 regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic
Cellular Component
GO:0005622 intracellular
GO:0005886 plasma membrane
GO:0005887 integral component of plasma membrane
GO:0016021 integral component of membrane
GO:0031410 cytoplasmic vesicle
GO:0042734 presynaptic membrane
GO:0043005 neuron projection
GO:0043195 terminal bouton
GO:0043198 dendritic shaft
GO:0048787 presynaptic active zone membrane
Orthologs
Species
Mus musculus
Bos taurus
Gene ID
Gene Order
ENSMUSG00000063239
View Gene Order
ENSBTAG00000013632
Not yet available
Pathways
NETPATH
REACTOME
REACT_19231
G alpha (i) signalling events pathway
REACT_18319
Class C/3 (Metabotropic glutamate/pheromone receptors) pathway
REACT_14797
Signaling by GPCR pathway
REACT_111102
Signal Transduction pathway
REACT_19184
GPCR downstream signaling pathway
REACT_21340
GPCR ligand binding pathway
KEGG
hsa04080
Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathway
hsa04742
Taste transduction pathway
INOH
INOH website
GPCR signaling pathway
PID NCI
Cross-References
SwissProt
TrEMBL
UniProt Splice Variant
Entrez Gene
UniGene
RefSeq NM_000841 NM_001256809 NM_001256811 NM_001256812 NM_001256813 NM_001282847 XM_006715071
HUGO
OMIM
CCDS CCDS4787 CCDS59010 CCDS59011 CCDS59012 CCDS75432
HPRD
IMGT
EMBL
GenPept
RNA Seq Atlas

If you use InnateDB for your research, please cite the following publication:

Breuer et al., InnateDB: systems biology of innate immunity and beyond - recent updates and continuing curation. Nucl. Acids Res. (2013) 41 (D1) 

InnateDB is being developed jointly by the Brinkman Laboratory (Simon Fraser University, British Columbia, Canada), the Hancock Laboratory (University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia) and the Lynn EMBL Australia Group (South Australian Health & Medical Research Institute and Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia).

Funding is currently provided by Allergen and EMBL Australia. Previous funding has been provided by Genome Canada, the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health through the Grand Challenges in Global Health initiative and by Teagasc. InnateDB curated interactions are licensed under the Design Science License. All other data is licensed under the terms of the originating database. Contact: innatedb-mail@sfu.ca