InnateDB: Systems Biology of the Innate Immune Response

Homo sapiens Gene: GCG

Summary

InnateDB Gene

IDBG-73681.6

Last Modified

2014-10-13 [Report errors or provide feedback]

Gene Symbol

GCG

Gene Name

glucagon

Synonyms

GLP1; GLP2; GRPP

Species

Homo sapiens

Ensembl Gene

ENSG00000115263

Encoded Proteins

IDBP-73683

glucagon

IDBP-387016

glucagon

Protein Structure

Useful resources

Stemformatics EHFPI ImmGen

Entrez Gene

Summary

The protein encoded by this gene is actually a preproprotein that is cleaved into four distinct mature peptides. One of these, glucagon, is a pancreatic hormone that counteracts the glucose-lowering action of insulin by stimulating glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis. Glucagon is a ligand for a specific G-protein linked receptor whose signalling pathway controls cell proliferation. Two of the other peptides are secreted from gut endocrine cells and promote nutrient absorption through distinct mechanisms. Finally, the fourth peptide is similar to glicentin, an active enteroglucagon. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Gene Information

Type

Protein coding

Genomic Location

Chromosome 2:162142873-162152404

Strand

Reverse strand

Band

q24.2

Transcripts

ENST00000375497	ENSP00000364647
ENST00000418842	ENSP00000387662
ENST00000483769
ENST00000497568
ENST00000492913

Interactions

Number of Interactions

This gene and/or its encoded proteins are associated with 10 experimentally validated interaction(s) in this database.

Experimentally validated
Total	10 [view]
Protein-Protein	10 [view]
Protein-DNA	0
Protein-RNA	0
DNA-DNA	0
RNA-RNA	0
DNA-RNA	0

Gene Ontology

Molecular Function

Accession	GO Term
GO:0005102	receptor binding
GO:0005179	hormone activity
GO:0005515	protein binding
GO:0031769	glucagon receptor binding
GO:0042802	identical protein binding

Biological Process

GO:0006112	energy reserve metabolic process
GO:0007165	signal transduction
GO:0007186	G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway
GO:0007188	adenylate cyclase-modulating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway
GO:0007631	feeding behavior
GO:0008283	cell proliferation
GO:0010737	protein kinase A signaling
GO:0010800	positive regulation of peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation
GO:0030819	positive regulation of cAMP biosynthetic process
GO:0032092	positive regulation of protein binding
GO:0033138	positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation
GO:0035774	positive regulation of insulin secretion involved in cellular response to glucose stimulus
GO:0042594	response to starvation
GO:0043066	negative regulation of apoptotic process
GO:0044267	cellular protein metabolic process
GO:0044281	small molecule metabolic process
GO:0045722	positive regulation of gluconeogenesis
GO:0045860	positive regulation of protein kinase activity
GO:0050796	regulation of insulin secretion
GO:0051571	positive regulation of histone H3-K4 methylation
GO:0070374	positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade
GO:0071377	cellular response to glucagon stimulus
GO:0090280	positive regulation of calcium ion import
GO:1900118	negative regulation of execution phase of apoptosis
GO:2001243	negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway

Cellular Component

GO:0005576	extracellular region
GO:0005615	extracellular space
GO:0005737	cytoplasm
GO:0005788	endoplasmic reticulum lumen
GO:0005886	plasma membrane
GO:0034774	secretory granule lumen